全球环境变化对土壤N2O排放影响的研究进展

全球环境变化一直是人们广泛关注的热点问题，由人类活动和化石燃料燃烧引起的温度持续升高、温室气体排放增加、极端天气频繁发生等现象对土壤理化性质及微生物活动产生深刻影响。N₂O作为一种具有强增温潜势的温室气体，对生态环境造成极大威胁。因此，全面深入地探究全球变化下不同环境因子对土壤N₂O排放的影响有重要意义。论文综述了模拟全球变暖、CO₂浓度倍增、降水格局改变以及氮沉降对土壤N₂O排放的影响及微生物作用机制，阐述不同变化因子对N₂O排放的交互效应。温度升高、CO₂浓度增加和氮沉降均能促进N₂O排放，但不同变化因子交互作用对N₂O排放的影响存在差异。未来应加强对多个变化因子交互作用的研究，不仅有助于进一步了解N₂O产生的影响因素，而且能为将来土壤生态系统对全球环境变化的响应研究和预测模型的建立提供理论基础。

Effects of Global Environmental Change on Soil N2O Emission: a Review

Global environmental change has been a hot issue of widespread concern. Phenomena, such as continuous temperature rise, increase of greenhouse gas emissions and frequent occurrence of extreme weather caused by human activities and fossil fuel burning, have a great impact on soil physical and chemical properties and microbial activities. As a greenhouse gas with strong warming potential produced, N₂O poses a great threat to the ecological environment. Therefore, it is of great significance to comprehensively and deeply explore the impact of different environmental factors of global environmental change on soil N₂O emission. In this review, the effects of simulated global warming, CO₂ concentration doubling, precipitation pattern change and nitrogen deposition on soil N₂O emission and microbial mechanism were summarized, and the interaction effects of two different global environmental change factors on N₂O emission were expounded. The increase of temperature, CO₂ concentration and nitrogen deposition could promote N₂O emission, but the interaction of different change factors has different effects on N₂O emission. In the future, we should strengthen the research on the interaction of multiple change factors, which will not only help to further understand the influencing factors of the production of N₂O, but also provide a theoretical basis for future research on the response of soil ecosystem to global environmental change and the establishment of prediction models.