马铃薯新品种桂农薯1号冬种田间耐寒性鉴定

【目的】利用马铃薯冬种期间发生的持续低温霜冻条件,对选育的新品种桂农薯1号与广西主栽品种费乌瑞它进行田间耐寒性调查比较,为指导马铃薯耐寒栽培及新品种推广提供理论依据。【方法】2013年11月~2014年3月和2015年12月~2016年4月,分别对桂农薯1号和费乌瑞它在薯块膨大初期和苗期受低温胁迫后的田间寒害发生情况及寒害对产量的影响进行调查,并测定分析苗期遭受低温胁迫时幼苗叶片的可溶性蛋白含量及过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性。【结果】试验期间试验点阴雨霜冻天数分别有76和82 d,占冬季4个月总天数的63.9%和66.9%。桂农薯1号苗期和薯块膨大初期受寒害程度低于对照品种费乌瑞它,耐寒性强,2014和2016年收获期产量分别比费乌瑞它高61.0%和19.0%。在受低温胁迫后的第5 d,桂农薯1号幼苗叶片中的可溶性蛋白含量及CAT、SOD和POD活性均显著高于费乌瑞它(P0.05)。【结论】桂农薯1号耐寒性较强,在持续低温霜冻条件下产量较高,在我国马铃薯秋冬种地区有广阔的推广应用前景。

Identification of field cold resistance of new potato variety Guinongshu No.1 planted in winter

Objective]Under continuous low temperature and frost weather,the difference of field cold resistance between the new potato variety Guinongshu No.1 and main cultivar in Guangxi Favorita planted in winter was compared,in order to provide theoretical basis for cold-resistant cultivation and new variety promotion.Method]During November,2013-March,2014 and December,2015-April,2016,chilling injury in field of Guinongshu No.1 and Favorita at early period of tuber enlargement and seedling stage after low temperature stress were observed,and effects of chilling injury on yield were investigated.In addition,the soluble protein content,catalase (CAT) activity,superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and peroxidase(POD) activity in leaf at seedling stage when the seedlings went through low temperature stress were detected.Result]During two experiment periods,rainy and frosty days were 76 and 82 days respectively,accounting for 63.9％ and 66.9％ of four winter months.During seedling stage and early period of tuber enlargement,Guinongshu No.1 suffered less chilling injury than Favorita,and showed stronger cold resistance.At harvest period in 2014,the yield of Guinongshu No.1 was 19.0％ higher than that of Favorita,and 61.0％ higher in 2016.Soluble protein content,CAT activity,SOD activity and POD activity in leaves of Guinongshu NO.1 were significantly higher than those of Favorita on the fifth day after low temperature stress(P＜0.05).Conclusion] Guinongshu No.1 has strong cold resistance and high yield under continuous cold and frost weather.Therefore,it has promising application potential in the winter potato planting area in China.