脱皮大环柄菇化学成分分析及其抗氧化活性评价

[目的]分析脱皮大环柄菇化学成分并评价其抗氧化活性,为脱皮大环柄菇的综合利用提供科学依据.[方法]联合运用丙酮提取和真空旋转水蒸气蒸馏法从脱皮大环柄菇新鲜子实体中获得脱皮大环柄菇挥发油和丙酮粗提物,采用气相色谱—质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析脱皮大环柄菇挥发油化学成分,运用试管预试法检测丙酮粗提物的化学成分,通过自由基清除试验评价其抗氧化活性.[结果]GC-MS分析结果表明,脱皮大环柄菇挥发油主要化学成分为酮类化合物,其中4-甲基-4-羟基戊酮相对含量高达86.32%.试管预试法检测结果显示,脱皮大环柄菇丙酮粗提物含有生物碱、甾醇和萜类成分.自由基清除试验结果表明,脱皮大环柄菇丙酮粗提物具有有效的抗氧化活性,其清除羟自由基(·OH)和DPPH自由基的半数清除浓度(EC50)分别为260.45和552.87μg/mL.[结论]脱皮大环柄菇挥发油化学成分独特,含7种酮类化合物、1种醇类化合物和1种酯类化合物,丙酮粗提物因含有生物碱、甾醇和萜类等活性成分且具有有效的抗氧化活性,值得进一步研究开发.

Chemical compositions and antioxidant activity of Macrolepiota detersa

[Objective]The chemical compositions of Macrolepiota detersa were analyzed and its antioxidant activity was evaluated to provide theoretical references for its development and utilization . [Method]Volatile oil and acetone crude extract were obtained from fresh fruit bodies of M. detersa by acetone extraction and vacuum rotatory steam distillation. Chemical compositions of the volatile oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method,and chemical constituents of acetone crude extract were analyzed by pre-test tube method. Antioxidant activity of acetone crude extract was evaluated by free radical scavenging experiment. [Result]GC-MS results showed the main components in the volatile oil were ketone compounds, and the main component 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone accounted for 86.32%. Acetone crude extract contained alkaloids,sterols,and terpenes according to pre-test tube method. Free radical scavenging experiment indicated that acetone crude extract contained antioxidant activity, and half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of·OH radical scavenging activity was 260.45 μg/mL while EC50 values of·DPPH radical scavenging activity was 552.87 μg/mL. [Conclusion]The main components in volatile oil of M. detersa include seven ketone compounds, one alcohol compound and one ester compound. Acetone crude extract contains alkaloids, sterols, and terpenes, thus embodies antioxidant activity. Therefore M. detersa is worth further development.