鸭绿江水系唇鱼骨肌肉营养成分与品质的评价

用生化分析方法,对鸭绿江水系唇鱼骨肌肉一般营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸和微量元素的组成成分进行分析,并对其营养品质进行评价。结果表明:肌肉中水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分的含量分别为:(75.45±0.64)%、(19.10±0.28)%、(3.70±0.71)%和(1.30±0.03)%。氨基酸组成分析表明,肌肉鲜样中含有18种氨基酸,氨基酸总量为(18.71±0.23)%,其中必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸总量分别为(7.61±0.11)%和(6.91±0.21)%,鲜味氨基酸中谷氨酸含量最高为(2.95±0.01)%;鸭绿江水系唇鱼骨的第一限制性氨基酸是色氨酸。必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比值(WEAA/WTAA)为40.67%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(WEAA/WNEAA)为78.82%,氨基酸平衡效果较好。脂肪酸组成分析表明,其主要有3种饱和脂肪酸(SFA),4种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和8种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),其中PUFA含量最高为(45.17±1.51)%,PUMA中亚油酸含量最高,其次分别为DHA、花生四烯酸、EPA、α-亚麻酸、二高-γ-亚麻酸、顺,顺-11,14-二十碳二烯酸和DPA。微量元素组成分析得出,碘含量最高,其次依次为锌、铁、铜、硒和锰。研究表明,鸭绿江水系唇鱼骨是一种营养丰富,肉味鲜美的经济鱼类,具有食用价值和保健作用。

Evaluation of Nutritive Quality and Nutrient Components in the Muscle of Hemibarbus labeo Pallas

The purpose of this work is to understand the nutritive quality and nutrient components in the muscle of Hemibarbus labeo,and the main nutrient components in the muscle of Hemibarbus labeo were analyzed in this paper.The results showed that the contents of moisture,crude protein,crude fat and crude ash in fresh muscle of Hemibarbus labeo were(75.45±0.64)%,(19.10±0.28)%,(3.70±0.71)% and(1.30±0.03)%.Eighteen common amino acids were found in the muscle of Hemibarbus labeo.The total content of amino acids(TAA) was(18.71±0.23)% including the content of essential amino acids(EAA)(7.61±0.11%) and delicious amino acids(DAA)(6.91±0.21%).The content of glutamic acid was(2.95±0.01)%,which was higher than that of other delicious amino acids.The first limited amino acid was Trp.The ratio of the total essential amino to total amino acids(WEAA/WTAA) was 40.67%,and the ratio of the total essential amino acids to total nonessential amino acids(WEAA/WNEAA) was 78.82%.It was suggested that the ratio met the amino acids balance and the protein is the high-grade protein.15 kinds of fatty acids i.e.3 kinds of saturated fatty acids,4 kinds of unsaturated fatty acids and 8 kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acid were found in muscle of Hemibarbus labeo.The content of PUFA were(45.17±1.51)%,which is the higher than that of other PUFA.The content of linoleic acid was the highest in the PUFA,followed by DHA,Arachidonic acid,EPA,α-Linolenic acid,Dihomo-γ-Linolenic-acid,Cis,cis-11,14-Eicosadienoic acid and DPA.The composition of mineral trace in muscle of Hemibarbus labeo were iodine,zinc,ferrum,copper,selenium,manganese.It is concluded that Hemibarbus labeo is a quality fish with high nutritional value and is good for health.