坡面喷施高分子化合物集流效率的试验研究

基于西北地区黄土高原水土流失严重、地形复杂、外源材料运输困难的实际情况,提出坡面喷施高分子聚合物——土壤固化剂、沥青乳剂、有机硅树脂,以期提高其集流效率。通过室外人工降雨模拟试验,分析了坡面经3种材料处理后,在不同浓度,不同雨强下对产流时间、集流效率、土壤侵蚀量的影响。结果表明:3种材料处理的产流时间较对照提早1/3倍;集流效率平均为72.0%,连续降雨条件下为85%以上;土壤侵蚀量明显较对照降低;3种材料的集流效果顺序为:土壤固化剂>有机硅树脂>沥青乳剂。本研究对西北地区发展新型集雨材料及雨水集蓄利用新形式具有一定指导意义。

Experimental Study of Macromolecule Polymers on Increasing Efficiency of Rainwater Catchment on Sloping Field

Based on actual state of serious loss of soil and water, complicated terrain and discommodes transportation, the design of spraying polymers of different consistencies on sloping field to promote the efficiency of rainwater catchment materials was put forward. By the rain-simulated experiment, time of runoff yield, efficiency of rainwater catchment and the soil erosion was discussed after three treatment with soil consolidator, organic silicone and asphaltum on sloping field. The results should indicated that macromolecule polymers applied on sloping field can quicken time of runoff yield by 81.2%, advance efficiency of rainwater catchment by 72.0% and reduce clearly soil erosion. Among three treatments, order of efficiency of rainwater catchment is soil consolidator, organic silicone and asphaltum. So studying macromolecule materials is very significance to develop new-style materials and form of rainwater catchment in northwest area.