兼抗枯萎病和黄萎病高产棉花新品种冀棉616的选育及评价

培育抗枯萎病、抗黄萎病、高产、优质棉花新品种,可以解决棉区枯萎病和黄萎病严重发生且逐年加重、化学防治又很难凑效的难题。利用海岛棉、陆地棉及野生棉种间杂交选育的冀棉20号为母本,转基因抗虫棉596系为父本杂交,在多年病、虫胁迫条件下,选育出了兼抗枯萎病和黄萎病的高产棉花新品种冀棉616,2007年通过了河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定（审定编号：冀审棉2007001号）。该品种具有以下突出特点：（1）高抗枯萎病,抗黄萎病：枯萎病指4.9,黄萎病相对病指17.6,是河北省审定的第1个高抗枯萎病、抗黄萎病兼抗品种;（2）高产,稳产：2004年籽棉产量,2005年籽棉产量、霜前籽棉产量、皮棉产量和霜前皮棉产量,以及2006年籽棉产量、皮棉产量和霜前皮棉产量,均居参试品系第1位;（3）抗早衰：叶功能期长,上、中、下铃重差异小;（4）纤维品质优良：上半部长度31.2 mm,比强度29.5 cN/tex,马克隆值4.9。

Breeding and Evaluation of High Yield Cotton Variety Jimian 616 Resistant to Fusarium Wilt and Verticillium Wilt

It was necessary to breed high yield cotton variety with high fiber quality and resistance to Fusarium wilt and Viticillium wilt.The wilt diseases had become more serious,and it was not efficient to be controlled using chemical medicament.Jimian 616 was developed by crossing between Jimian No.20（female parent）which was bred using G.hirsutum,G.barbadense,and G.thurberi and Bt transgenic line 596（male parent）,which was approved by Hebei Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2007.It had the characteristics of high resistance to Fusarium wilt and resistance to Verticillium wilt,which was the first variety approved in Hebei Province with both wilt diseases resistance,high and stable yield,resistance to premature senescence,and high fiber quality.