基于黄板诱集的黄淮海产区花生田昆虫种类及优势种动态分析

花生害虫是影响花生产量和品质的重要因素。近年来，刺吸类害虫为害日益加重，蓟马科害虫为害也呈逐年上升趋势，直接影响了花生产业的发展。本研究采用色板诱集法分别对黄淮海4省7个地区花生产区昆虫种类和优势种发生动态进行调查分析。结果共鉴定出昆虫93种，隶属于6目67科，其中，缨翅目在个体数量上占优势地位，为黄淮海花生产区的优势昆虫；对黄淮海7个地区黄板诱集昆虫种类特征指数进行了分析，多样性指数在0.680 4～1.583 9范围内，均匀度指数在0.235 7～0.518 1之间，优势集中性指数在0.313 2～0.740 0之间。根据形态学特征，确定黄板诱集花生田害虫优势种为西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis,明确其发生高峰期为6月下旬。本研究为黄淮海花生产区主要刺吸类害虫的科学防控提供理论基础。

Investigation on insect community and occurrence dynamics of dominant species by yellow sticky trap method in peanut fields in Huang-Huai-Hai region

The damage of peanut pests is an important factor that affects the yield and quality of peanut. In recent years, the harm of sucking insects is becoming more serious, and Thripidae pests is also increasing year by year, which directly affects the development of peanut industry. In this study, the occurrence dynamics of insect species in peanut fields in seven regions of four provinces in Huang-Huai-Hai region were investigated and analyzed by color trap method. The dominant species and population dynamics of the insects were analyzed. The results showed that 93 species of insects were identified in this area, belonging to 67 families of six orders and the number of Thysanoptera predominated in individual populations, which are dominant species of insects in Huang-Huai-Hai region. Analysis on the characteristics of the insects community structure in peanut fields showed that the diversity index was in the range of 0.680 4-1.583 9, the uniformity index was in the range of 0.235 7-0.518 1 and the dominant concentration index was in the range of 0.313 2-0.740 0. According to the morphological characteristics, the dominant species of pests in peanut field lured by yellow sticky trap was Frankliniella occidentalis, and the occurring peak period of F. occidentalis was in late June. The study provided a theoretical basis for the scientific prevention and control the main sucking pests in the peanut fields in Huang-Huai-Hai region.