不同因子对玛纳斯河流域农田土壤盐分的影响

选取玛纳斯河流域内玛纳斯灌区和莫索湾灌区为研究区．利用遥感影像和GPS定位技术布设土壤盐分采样点，研究分析土壤质地、作物类型及地形因子对农田土壤盐分的影响。结果表明，研究区农田表层土壤（0～20cm层、20～40cm层）的盐分含量大小为：粘壤土〉粉壤土〉砂壤土；不同作物种植条件下农田土壤盐分状况表现为：棉花地〉葡萄地〉玉米地；不同地形部位农田土壤盐分含量表现为：冲积洪积扇下部〉冲积洪积扇中部〉沙漠边缘〉冲积洪积扇上部，各地形部位农田土壤盐渍化程度均表现为轻度盐渍化；不同海拔农田土壤盐分状况表现为：400500m〉500～700m〉400m以下，土壤盐分含量随着海拔的升高呈先增加后降低的趋势。

Effects of Different Factors on Soil Salt Content of Farmland in Manas River Basin

To study and analyze the effects of the soil regime,crop types,topography factors on farmland salt content, Manas irrigation zone and Mosuo Bay irrigation zone in Manas River Basin were selected as re- search area and the sampling sites of soil salt were designed with remote sensing image and GPS positional technology.The result showed that the order of soil salt content of soil top layer of research area farmland （0-20 cm layer, 20-40 cm layer） were as follows：clayey loam：〉powder loam）sandy loam;the farmland soil salt content under the conditions of different crops were as follows：cotton field）wine grapes field〉 corn field.Moreover,soil salt content changed at different parts of farmland terrain,and the order was as follows： bottom of alluvial diluvial fan〉 middle of alluvial diluvial fan 〉 desert edge〉upper of alluvial di- luvial fan. At an altitude of below 400 m, 400-500 m and 500-700 m, the order of soil salt content was as follows：400-500 m〉500-700 m〉below 400 re.The soil salt content increased at the first with the rise of altitude then decreased.