祁连山高寒牧区优质奶羔生产效果分析

以引进品种羊‘白萨福克’、‘邦德’、‘特克塞尔’和澳洲‘美利奴’为父本,‘甘肃高山细毛羊’为母本,开展杂交组合筛选试验,形成4种杂交组合(分别简称白萨甘细、邦甘细、特甘细和澳甘细),’甘肃高山细毛羊‘为对照组(简称甘高细).在2008～2011年,通过连续4年系统观测853只杂种羔羊和174只甘高细的生长结果、屠宰性能、肉品质和内脏器官指标.结果表明:特甘细的断奶体质量为28.27kg,比邦甘细、白萨甘细、澳甘细和甘高细分别高出2.46、3.29、5.76、4.66kg;特甘细的眼肌面积及GR值均显著高于其他杂交组合(P<0.05),分别比甘高细提高16.49cm2和2.07mm;特甘细、白萨甘细和邦甘细的热胴体质量分别比甘高细提高37.44%、11.70%和21.87%;特甘细的全胃质量和小肠长度均显著高于其他3个组合(P<0.05).表明在祁连山高寒牧区放牧条件下,特克塞尔×甘肃高山细毛羊是生产奶羔的最优杂交组合,特克塞尔是生产奶羔的最优父本.

Optimal cross combinations for prime lambs before weaning in alpine pastoral area of Qilian Mountain

For the purpose of investigating the cross combination which production of high quality suckling lambs in Alpine Pastoral Area of Qilian Mountain,Gansu Alpine Merino(take G in short) ewes were sired by White Suffolk(S),Bond(B),Texel(T) and Australian Merino(A).Growth,slaughtering performance,meat quality and visceral of 853 F1 lambs form 2008 to 2011 years were observed,and 174 pure Gansu Alpine Merino breed suckling lambs were analyzed as control group.The results indicated that the weaning weight of T×G F1 was 28.27 kg,higher than that of B×G F1,S×G F1,A×G F1,G lambs 2.46 kg,3.29 kg,5.76 kg,4.66 kg.The hot carcass weight of T×G F1,S×G F1,B×G F1 lambs increased by 37.44 %,11.70 %,21.87 % than that of G lambs.Additionally,carcasses of T×G F1 had larger longissimus muscle areas and GR than that of other cross combinations(P<0.05),increased by 16.93 % and 19.38 % than that of G lambs.Whereas stomach weight and length of small intestine were greater(P<0.05) in carcasses from T×G F1 than other lambs.It was suggested that 'Texel×Gansu Alpine Merino' was the ideal combination and Texel was the best sires for suckling lambs production in alpine pastoral area of Qilian Mountain.