Effect of chelated copper sources on performance of nursery and growing pigs

Four experiments were conducted to determine the effect of Cu source and level and an antimicrobial agent on performance of nursery (6 to 25 kg) and growing (20 to 65 kg) pigs. Copper was fed either as CuSO4.5H2O (CS), inorganic chelated Cu (ICC) or organic chelated Cu (OCC) to provide 31.25 to 250 ppm supplemental Cu. In Exp. 1, 224 pigs were used to study Cu source and level added to nursery diets. No difference (P less than .05) among treatments was observed during the nursery period. Treatments were continued the first 56 d of the growing-finishing period. Regardless of the Cu source, pigs receiving 125 ppm added Cu gained faster (P less than .05) than pigs in other treatments. In Exp. 2, 216 pigs were used to determine the optimum level of CS and ICC in nursery diets. Pigs were less efficient (P less than .01) when Cu was added at 62.5 and 125 ppm than at 250 ppm (1.69, 1.72 and 1.59, feed/gain respectively). In Exp. 3, no differences (P greater than .05) in performance between sources or among levels of Cu were found. In Exp. 4, 216 pigs were utilized to determine the combined effects of Cu source and an antimicrobial on performance. Pigs fed ICC were less efficient (P less than .01) than pigs fed either OCC or CS (1.99, 1.85 and 1.90, respectively). The inorganic and organic chelated Cu compounds used in these studies were not more efficacious than CS for nursery or growing pigs.