对辊式干辣椒脱帽装置设计与试验

针对辣椒机械化脱帽存在的辣椒损伤大、辣椒蒂去除不净等问题，结合辣椒物理力学特性及机械化加工要求，设计了一种对辊式干辣椒脱帽装置。该装置关键部件包括滚筒、脱帽辊和筛网3部分，采用旋转滚筒和回转辊轴的方式实现辣椒脱帽。通过对脱帽装置工作过程分析，确定了去除辣椒蒂的临界条件。借助辣椒受力及运动特征研究，确定了滚筒及脱帽辊的关键参数。滚筒直径为1.8m、长度为6.0m、转速为28.83r/min，脱帽辊的直径为36.0mm、间隙为0.5mm、转速为134.21r/min。通过对筛面利用系数分析，确定了筛分效率较高的方形筛网，且筛面利用系数为60.5％。通过Design-Expert 12软件进行试验设计及数据处理，明确了滚筒转速、脱帽辊转速对损伤率、脱净率的影响规律，并确定了较优参数组合，为辣椒机械化加工技术及装备研发提供理论依据。试验结果表明，该装置损伤率为0.6%，脱净率为98.8%，符合行业标准且满足辣椒机械加工要求。

Design and Experiment of Double Roller Dried Pepper Pedicel Removal Device

Aiming at the problems such as big damage to pepper and unclean removal of pepper pedicel that exist in the mechanised pedicel removal of pepper, the design of a double roller dried pepper pedicel removal device was introduced, taking into consideration of the physical and mechanical properties of pepper and the requirements of mechanized processing. The key components of the device included three parts: drum, pedicel removal roller and screen mesh, using rotating drum and rotating roller to achieve pepper pedicel removal. The process and working principle of the pedicel removal mechanism were thoroughly analyzed to determine the critical conditions for pedicel removal of pepper. Through parameter design and mechanical analysis, optimal specifications were determined. The roller’s diameter was set at 1.8m, with a length of 6.0m and a rotational speed of 28.83r/min. The pedicel removal roller, on the other hand, had a diameter of 36.0mm, a clearance of 0.5mm, and a rotational speed of 134.21r/min. A square screen with high screening efficiency was selected based on its screen surface utilization factor, which was determined to be 60.5%. Through the Design-Expert 12 software for experimental design and data processing, the influence of drum speed and pedicel removal roller speed on the damage rate and cleaning rate was clarified, and the optimal parameter combinations were determined to provide theoretical basis for the research and development of pepper mechanized processing technology and equipment. Subsequent pepper pedicel removal tests were conducted, and the results demonstrated that under the test conditions, the device achieved a damage rate of 0.6% and a cleaning rate of 98.8%. These results met industry standards and fulfilled the requirements for pepper processing.