脱氢松香基两性表面活性剂的合成

脱氢松香酸与环氧氯丙烷、三甲胺反应合成季铵盐中间体(Ⅰ),再与试剂浓硫酸经磺化合成了脱氢松香基两性表面活性剂(Ⅱ)。通过红外光谱(FTIR)、含氮量和硫酸盐活性物质的分析对中间体及目标产物的结构进行了确认,并测定(Ⅱ)的表面活性。结果表明:在脱氢松香上引入了季铵盐和磺酸根,两性表面活性剂中间体得率为72.18%,终产物得率为35.8%,氮质量分数为1.17%,硫酸盐活性物质量分数为15.9%,脱氢松香基两性表面活性剂(Ⅲ)的临界胶束浓度为1.39mmol/L,表面张力降低到21.308mN.m-1,表明脱氢松香基两性表面活性剂具有一定的表面活性。

Synthesis of Amphoteric Surfactant from Dehydroabietic Acid

Quaternary ammonium salt, a product from the reaction between dehydroabietic acid, epichlorohydrin, and trimethylamine, reacted with concentrated sulfuric acid to synthesize an amphoteric surfactant (Ⅱ) from dehydroabietic acid. The structures of intermediate and final products were characterized by FT-IR, nitrogen content, and sulfated active matter. The surface-active property of amphoteric surfactant(Ⅱ) was investigated by surface tension experiment. The introduction of quaternary ammonium salt and sulfonate into dehydroabietic acid can be identified. The yields of intermediate product and final product were 72.18% and 35.8%, and the contents of nitrogen and sulfated active matter were 1.17% and 15.9% respectively. the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of amphoteric surfactant (Ⅲ) was 1.39mmol/L and surface tension decreased to 21.308mN/m, indicating that the amphoteric surfactant (Ⅲ) from dehydroabietic acid possesses certain surface activity in aqueous solutions.