昆嵛山国家级自然保护区环境解说系统满意度评价

环境解说是自然保护区开展生态旅游和环境教育活动的重要基础。本文根据环境解说系统的构成要素,基于重要性-表现性分析(importance performance analysis,IPA)方法,分析游客对昆嵛山国家级自然保护区环境解说系统的满意度、各解说要素的重要性和表现性差异。结果表明:游客对昆嵛山保护区环境解说系统的满意度均值为(3.89±0.22),其主要影响因素有受教育程度(F_4,272=5.183,P<0.01)、职业(F_7,272=3.575,P<0.05)、到访频次(F_3,272=8.372,P<0.001)和出游目的(F_6,272=6.759,P<0.01)。解说系统所有要素的表现性均低于重要性,游客期望值和满意度差异较大。需要重点改善的要素主要有:解说牌的维护和修复、解说牌数量充足和内容丰富性、解说词对保护区保护主题的侧重、解说员的专业性、游客中心内部设施。针对昆嵛山保护区环境解说系统存在的问题,本文提出了相应的优化措施。

Evaluation of Satisfaction with the Environmental Interpretation System at Kunyu Mountain National Nature Reserve

Environmental interpretation is an important foundation for ecotourism and environmental education activities in nature reserves.Based on the importance performance analysis(IPA)method,we used questionnaire survey to analyze visitor satisfaction and any differences between the importance and performance of the environmental interpretation system of Kunyu Mountain Nature Reserve.Tourists were generally satisfied with the environmental interpretation system(3.89±0.22,scale of 5).The main influencing factors were level of educational(F_4,272=5.183,P<0.01),occupation(F_7,272=3.575,P<0.05),visiting frequency(F_3,272=8.372,P<0.001)and tourism purpose(F_6,272=6.759,P<0.01).The performance values of all interpretation elements were higher than their importance,and the difference between the visitor expectation and satisfaction was great.The elements needing improvement included:maintenance and repair of interpretation signboards,provision of more content and greater numbers of interpretation boards,greater emphasis on the reserve protection in the commentary theme,increased professionalism of guides/interpreters,and improved internal facilities of the tourist center.Here,we offer recommendations for improvement of the environmental interpretation system.