中国土壤风蚀灾害发生的范围

从大尺度讨论土壤风蚀灾害，认为风蚀是侵蚀因子（风力、可蚀表面等）和抑制因子（植被、水分等）斗争的结果，风蚀灾害发生在侵蚀风和干燥无覆被土壤共同出现的时段，所以说气候决定风蚀灾害的范围。依据李世奎等的《中国农业气候区划》诊断各个农业气候区发生风蚀灾害的时间和强度，农业土壤和非农业土壤采用的方法相似，但指标体系不同，确定了中国土壤风蚀灾害发生的范围。结果表明中国土壤风蚀灾害主要发生在温带，范围涉及国土面积60.9%的广大地区，其中，东部季风农业气候大区和青藏高寒农业气候大区，土壤风蚀灾害以农业土壤为主；西北干旱农业气候大区，农业和非农业土壤均遭受风蚀灾害，而且风蚀程度也大于其他气候大区。

Areas of Wind Erosion in China

Generalization of wind erosion hazard from a viewpoint of the whole nation found out the climatic pattern decides the areas of wind erosion hazard in China. It was concluded that erosive factors, wind and erodible surface, and restricting factors, such as vegetation cover and moisture, fight each other and results in whether wind erosion occurs. This study diagnosed each agro-climatic subregion which is the third class of "China Agro-Climatic Zonation" by Li Shikui et al. Both croplands and non-croplands were separately diagnosed to find out probabilities for a period of time of erosion hazard to occur in a year. From the east to the west, all the areas of wind erosion hazard for the whole country were finally determined. The results showed that wind erosion hazards cover all the temperate zones, involving 60.9% of the total territorial area of China, among which both croplands and non-croplands in the Northwest arid agro-climatic region are affected by wind erosion, whereas wind erosion hazards hit only croplands in the east monsoon and tibet frigid agro-climatic regions.