RT-PCR快速诊断禽流感

根据禽流感病毒ＮＰ基因的序列分析结果，设计了一对ＮＰ基因特异的引物。采用该对引物，不经病毒分离，直接从禽流感病毒感染鸡的气管、泄殖腔棉拭子和组织样品中提取核酸， ＲＴ～ＰＣＲ可以扩增出 ３２６ｂｐ的 ＮＰ基因片段。采用该技术对１４个亚型禽流感病毒标准参考株，４个亚型１２株国内分离野毒株，ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测的结果都呈阳性；对新城疫病毒、传染性法氏囊病毒、传染性支气管炎病毒、传染性喉气管炎病毒以及减蛋综合症病毒，ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ扩增结果都呈阴性。禽流感病毒 Ａ／Ｇｏｏｓｅ／Ｇｕａｎｇｄｏｎｇ（Ｈ５Ｎ１）和 Ａ／Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ　Ｓｔａｒｌｉｎｇ／Ｅｎｇｌａｎｄ（Ｈ７Ｎ１）实验感染鸡样品 ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测与鸡胚病毒分离阳性率分别为３４／４２、３２／４２； ２４／５５、２４／５５， 二者符合率大于９５％。 ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ最少可检测到１０ｐｇ的病毒核酸。对山东某地发病鸡场样品进行ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测，只用６个小时就可得出准确的诊断结果，证明ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测方法敏感特异，可用于禽流感的快速诊断。

Rapid Diagnosis of Avian Influenza by RT-PCR

A highly sensitive RT-PCR diagnostic technique for the detection of avian influeza viruses in clinical sample was developed. Sensitivity to detection of highly purified influenza virus RNA by RT-PCR reached approximately 10 pg. The RNA of the virus was achieved by using one-step RNA purification with the Trizol reagent. 14 reference strains of H1-H14 subtype influenza virus and 12 isolates of domestic chicken flocks isolated during 1996-1999 were tested by RT-PCR. All the influenza viruses tested by RT-PCR were positive, whereas the New- castle virus,infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, EDS-76 virus used as a control were negative. The effciency of the system for detection of influenza viruses directly in clinical sample was confirmed by virus embryonated eggs inoc- ulation.