糜子氮、磷、钾肥的效应及优化研究

为揭示糜子氮、 磷、 钾肥效应，并提出最优推荐施肥量组合，本试验采用3414不完全正交回归设计，对糜子氮、 磷、 钾肥合理配比施肥效应进行研究，同时对糜子产量进行肥效模型拟合，得出最优经济效益氮、 磷、 钾推荐施肥量。结果表明， 施用氮、 磷、 钾肥， 糜子增产效果显著，最高增产率可达52.31%，缺氮和高氮处理增产率最低，说明适宜的氮肥施用量是影响糜子产量的关键因子。氮、 磷、 钾肥间存在明显的交互作用，配合施用能提高肥效，三因素对糜子产量的影响大小顺序为氮＞磷＞钾，任一因素过量施用均会导致产量显著降低。根据一元二次肥效模型得出糜子氮（N）、 磷（P2O5）、 钾（K2O）的最优推荐施肥量分别为121.61、 78.09、 24.23 kg/hm2，适宜的氮、 磷、 钾施肥比例为1∶0.64∶0.20。

Effect of N, P and K fertilizer application and optimum rate for yield of millet

The 3414 fertilizer experiment for high fertilizer efficiency was designed to investigate N, P and K fertilizer effects on millet yield, and to simulate the optimum fertilizer recommendation rates by the established models for scientific fertilization. The results show that the application of fertilizer significantly increases the yield of millet, with a highest yieldincrement rate of 52.31% and with a lowest one in the case of no and excessive N which indicates a suitable application rate of N fertilizer is an important factor to influencemillet yield. The combined applications of N, P and K have interactions with each other and promote millet yield with the order of N＞PK respectively. Any excessive applicationof the three factors could result in reducing the yield significantly. Through establishing the fertilizer efficiency models based on the yield, the recommended optimumfertilizer amounts of N, P2O5 and K2O are 121.61, 78.09, 24.23 kg/ha respectively. The suitable ratio of N∶P2O5∶K2O is 1∶0.64∶0.20.