豆科绿肥品种养分富集能力比较研究

为了筛选适宜于安徽地区的优良绿肥品种,于2011年在安徽科技学院通过盆栽试验对7个豆科绿肥品种的养分富集能力进行了比较研究。结果表明:大叶猪屎豆产青量(总鲜重)最大,是铜山小绿豆的4倍;羊角豆总干物质量最大,是铜山小绿豆的5.8倍;绿肥根瘤发达,根瘤重占地下部总重的6.6%~15.3%,其中羊角豆和大叶猪屎豆根瘤最多最重;固氮能力、吸收富集磷素和钾素能力最强的是羊角豆,积累氮磷钾达3226mg/盆,是铜山小绿豆的6.7倍。从产青量、干物质量、氮磷钾富集能力和生育期等多方面综合考虑,初步确定羊角豆、大叶猪屎豆、早熟黑小豆、大花叶子绿豆4个品种适宜于安徽及其周边地区种植。

Comparison of Leguminous Green Manure Crops Varieties on the Capacity of Accumulating Nutrients

An experiment of cultivated in pots was established to compare the capacity of accumulating nutrients of leguminous green manure crops in Anhui Science and Technology University in2011.The objective of the experiment was to select optimum varieties for Anhui area.Seven varieties were cultivated in this experiment.The results showed that Crotalaria assamica were the largest of the seven varieties on weight of fresh plant.Crotalaria assamica was4 times of Tongshan small Phaseolus aureus on weight of fresh plant.Hibiscus esulentus was the largest of the seven varieties on weight of dry plant.Hibiscus esulentus was 5.8 times of Tongshan small Phaseolus aureus on weight of dry plant.The weight of root nodule was6.6% ~15.3% of underground part in the7 varieties.Hibiscus esulentus and Crotalaria assamica were the largest of the seven varieties on the weight of root nodule.Hibiscus esulentus was the largest of the seven varieties on capacity of accumulating nutrients such as N,P,and K.Hibiscus esulentus accumulated N,P,and K 3226mg/pot,which was6.7 times of Tongshan small Phaseolus aureus on the capacity.To make a comprehensive survey according to weight of fresh plant,weight of dry plant,capacity of accumulating nutrients and growth period,four optimum varieties were selected initially for Anhui area.They were Hibiscus esulentus,Crotalaria assamica,early-maturing Phaseolus mungo and big break-leaf Phaseolus aureus.