Yield response and N-fertiliser recovery of tomato grown under deficit irrigation |
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| Institution: | 1. Cukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, 01330 Adana, Turkey;2. The Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK;1. Chinese-Israeli International Center for Research and Training in Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China;2. Center for Agricultural Water Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China;1. School of Agricultural, Forest, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy;2. Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Unità di Ricerca per l’Orticoltura (CRA-ORA), Via Salaria 1, 63077 Monsampolo del Tronto (AP), Italy;3. Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council, Via G. Amendola 122/D 70126 Bari, Italy;1. International Water Management Institute, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;2. Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 492, Mekelle, Ethiopia;3. UNESCO-Ihe Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, Delft, The Netherlands;1. Instituto Navarro de Tecnología e Infraestructuras Agroalimentarias S.A. (INTIA S.A.), Avenida Serapio Huici, 20-22, Edificio Peritos, 31610 Villava, Spain;2. Instituto Universitario de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno. de Vera, s.n. 46022, València, Spain;3. Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Campus de Riu Sec, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain;4. Instituto Universitario de Plaguicidas y Aguas (IUPA), Universitat Jaume I, Campus de Riu Sec, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain;1. Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;2. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;3. College of Horticulture Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China |
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| Abstract: | In search of new innovations for saving irrigation water, fruit yield response and N-fertiliser recovery of greenhouse grown spring-planted tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., cv. F1 Fantastic) were assessed as influenced by deficit irrigation, imposed using either conventional deficit irrigation (DI) or partial root drying (PRD). Three irrigation treatments were tested: (1) FULL, control treatment where the full amount of irrigation water, which was measured using Class-A pan evaporation data, was applied uniformly on the two halves of plant-root zone; (2) PRD, 50% deficit irrigation in which wetted and partially dry halves of the root-zone were interchanged every irrigation; (3) DI, conventional deficit irrigation maintained at 50% deficit, compared to FULL irrigation, with water applied on the both halves of the root-zone. During a growth period of 153 days, the highest fruit yield of 145.4 t ha?1 was measured under FULL irrigation treatment, which was followed by PRD and DI treatments with statistically lower (P ≤ 0.01) yields of 114.6 and 103.4 t ha?1, respectively. Irrigation water use efficiencies (IWUE) of both deficit treatments were significantly (P ≤ 0.01) higher (52.7% for PRD and 38.3% for DI) compared to FULL irrigation. Nitrogen-fertiliser recovery was over 70%, with no significant difference among the irrigation treatments. Both deficit treatments (DI and PRD) showed lower values of leaf water potential, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance compared to FULL irrigation. Before irrigation, xylem-sap abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations were 28% and 38% higher under water-stressed deficit treatments DI0 and PRD, respectively, compared to FULL irrigation, and the high ABA concentrations was maintained only under PRD effect, following irrigation. The results of this work suggest that PRD practices can be viable and advantageous compared to conventional techniques to minimise crop-yield reductions during deficit irrigation. |
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