Phytochemical Profile,Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of the Carob Tree (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ceratonia siliqua</Emphasis> L.) Germ Flour Extracts |
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| Authors: | Luísa Custódio Ana Luísa Escapa Eliana Fernandes Alba Fajardo Rosa Aligué Fernando Alberício Nuno Neng José Manuel Florêncio Nogueira Anabela Romano |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology (IBB/CGB), Faculty of Sciences and Technology,University of Algarve,Faro,Portugal;2.Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine,University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain;3.Institute for Research in Biomedicine,Barcelona Science Park,Barcelona,Spain;4.CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine,Barcelona Science Park,Barcelona,Spain;5.Department of Organic Chemistry,University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain;6.Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center of Chemistry and Biochemistry,University of Lisbon, Faculty of Sciences,Lisbon,Portugal;7.CCMAR—Center of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology,University of Algarve,Faro,Portugal |
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| Abstract: | This work aimed to evaluate the phytochemical content and to determine the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of methanol
extracts of the carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) germ flour. The extracts were rich in phenolic compounds, had considerable antioxidant activity, and reduced the viability
of cervical (HeLa) cancer cells. The chemical content and the biological activities of the extracts were significantly affected
by gender and cultivar. Female cultivar Galhosa had the highest levels of phenolic compounds, and the highest antioxidant
activity. Extracts from the hermaphrodite trees and from the female cultivars Galhosa and Costela/Canela exhibited the highest
cytotoxic activity. The most abundant compound was theophylline. The phenolic content was correlated to both antioxidant and
cytotoxic activities. Our findings provide new knowledge about the health implications of consuming food supplemented with
carob germ flour. |
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