植物篱与石坎梯田改良坡耕地效益研究

三峡库区秭归段生态环境脆弱,当地群众广泛采用以石坎梯田为主的工程措施和以植物篱为主的农林复合技术措施改良利用坡耕地。通过试验,对三峡库区秭归县相同坡度、坡向和土层厚度的坡耕地采取石坎坡改梯和定植等高植物篱的投入和产出进行对比,结果表明:石坎梯田与植物篱均是改良利用坡耕地的有效方法;石坎梯田建设期投入费用高,涵水保土能力强,田坎无经济效益;植物篱坡地建设期投入费用低,生产期运行费用略高于石坎梯田,成坎周期较长,涵水保土能力初期较低后期逐渐增强,生产期产出效益明显。

Benefits of Hedgerows and Terrace with Stone Ridges for Improving Sloped Farmlands

The ecological environment of Zigui country in the Three Gorges Reservoir area is weak.The local people improve sloped farmlands by widely using terrace with stone ridges as the main engineering measure and sloped farmlands with hedgerows as the main compound technique of agriculture and forestry.The paper studys the input-output of terrace with stone ridges and sloped farmlands with hedgerows under same condition of slope,slope direction and thickness of soil.The outcomes show that a) both terrace with stone ridges and sloped farmlands with hedgerows are effective methods for improving and utilizing sloped farmlands;b) the input of terrace with stone ridges is high during construction period,and the capacity of soil and water conservation is great and the ridges have no economic benefit;c) the input of sloped farmlands with hedgerows is low during construction period,and the operational cost is a little higher than that of terrace with stone ridges during construction period.The period of ridge formation is longer than that of terrace with stone ridges,and the capability of soil and water conservation is smaller at the beginning and then gradually increases,and its output is remarkable in production period.