改善农田与输配水系统性能的DSS模型应用研究

应用具有决策支持系统(DSS)功能的SEDAM模型模拟黄河下游簸箕李引黄灌区的灌溉需求与渠系输配水状况,利用节水多准则分析方法评价农田与输配水系统的改善方案。以田间实测的各类典型数据资料为基础,采用随机方法生成与田间和各级渠道相关的数据,产生用于多准则分析的属性数据和性能指标。根据不同水平的与农田及输配水系统相关的决策变量,设计了8种用于改善农田与输配水系统的模拟方案,通过模拟的需水量与现状供水量之间的对比以及模拟的各类效用值随时间变化的趋势,对模拟结果进行分析。结果表明,采用改善的农田与输配水系统运行方案可有效地减少渠系渗漏量,较好地控制农田渗漏损失,利用田间径流排水作为补灌水源,达到节水增产、改善农田生态环境的目的。

Applied Study of a DSS Model for Improving Performances of Farm and Delivery and Distribution Systems

The SEDAM model with the DSS functions was applied to simulate irrigation demand and delivery in the Bojili Irrigation District (BID) in Shandong and to evaluate alternative scenarios for improvement of the systems using multi-criteria analysis. The simulation was performed using data files created with studies and data generated by a random procedure, which produced the attributes and indicators used in the multi-criteria analysis. The model was tested comparing the simulated demand with present supply. The analysis was performed for a set of 8 scenarios built from different levels of performance of the farm and distribution decision variables. Results show that reducing farm percolation through land leveling and reduction of field lengths, and reducing seepage by adopting a rational rotational delivery create conditions for less demand and to increase the irrigated area. The simulation scenarios allow for improved crop conditions and water savings.