鱼类肠道的碳酸盐结晶物：海水鱼类养殖在碳汇渔业中的地位和作用

鱼类是一个迄今尚未被认知的非常重要的微细碳酸盐沉积物的来源,对海洋固碳有着重要作用,这个发现直接影响到碳汇渔业的内涵.本研究介绍了海洋硬骨鱼类渗透压调节机制及鱼类肠道碳酸盐结晶形成与其肠细胞膜上物质转运之间的关系,着重阐述了鱼类肠道碳酸盐结晶的特征,并论述了通过对特定区域内鱼类生物量和碳酸盐排泄率数据的研究,估计出全球海洋鱼类每年可产生大约1.1亿t的碳酸钙,在海洋总碳酸盐岩泥中占14％以上.研究重点论述了海水鱼类固碳的独特优势潜力,同时,提出为了更好地确定海水鱼类养殖在碳汇渔业中的地位和作用,有必要对主要海水养殖鱼类肠道碳酸结晶物的形成量及其调控机制,碳收支动态模型进行研究,进而合理地估算和测定海水鱼类养殖的碳汇量.

Carbonate deposits in marine fish intestines: contribution of Marine fish cultures to carbon sink fisheries

A variety of marine ecosystems play important role in the ocean biological carbon sink. More and more often, people are paying closer attention to impacts of marine fish on carbon cycle. Recent studies showed that marine fish produce and excrete various form of precipitated calcium carbonate with high magnesium content from their guts. Precipitation occurs as a by-product of the osmoregulatory requirement of teleosts to continuously drink Ca- and Mg-rich seawater. Using the Bahamian archipelago site specific fish biomass and carbonate excretion rate data, scientists estimated that marine fish produce about 1.1×1012 kg CaCO3/year as mud-grade carbonate, and it is potential sediment constituent. Marine fish contribute over 14% to total estimated global carbonate mud production. Therefore, marine fish represent a hitherto unrecognized but significant source of fine-grained carbonate sediment, and affect coastal carbon sink capacity. This directly affect connotation of carbon sink fisheries. The carbon budget of marine fish culture may influence carbon source and carbon sink. Moreover, establishing the carbon budget model and their ability to trap carbon by cultured species is needed to produce realistic estimates for carbon sink value of marine fish culture.