纳米CuO/硅溶胶制剂处理杨木性能的研究

  目的  探究不同后处理方式对纳米木材防腐剂浸渍材的耐腐性、顺纹抗压强度以及对浸渍材中铜离子抗流失性的影响，旨在为纳米防腐剂的应用提供依据。  方法  通过机械共混制备了一种纳米CuO/硅溶胶制剂，并结合电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP-OES）、扫描电镜（SEM），探究不同后处理方式（100 ℃蒸汽和?30 ℃冷冻）对浸渍材耐腐性、顺纹抗压强度、浸渍材制剂分布和铜离子抗流失性的影响。  结果  经过纳米CuO/硅溶胶制剂浸渍的杨木耐腐性显著提高，达到了 Ⅰ 级强耐腐标准，顺纹抗压强度较未处理材提高了24.42%。相比于浸渍试样，蒸汽后处理时间的延长使制剂更加均匀致密地分布在处理材中，而在冷冻后处理中呈颗粒状。经过蒸汽后处理90 min和冷冻后处理8 h的浸渍材质量损失率较普通浸渍材分别降低了18.30%和24.37%；在抗流失性方面，较短时间的蒸汽后处理可以提高浸渍材中铜离子的抗流失性，而经过不同时间冷冻后处理浸渍材中的铜离子抗流失性要优于普通浸渍材，铜离子流失量减少了8.72% ~ 34.40%。在抗压强度方面，蒸汽后处理浸渍材顺纹抗压强度要高于普通浸渍试样，强度提高了0.64% ~ 5.31%，而冷冻后处理浸渍材顺纹抗压强度较普通浸渍材略有下降。  结论  蒸汽后处理对提高纳米CuO/硅溶胶防腐剂浸渍材耐腐性和顺纹抗压强度有很大的帮助，而冷冻后处理在提高浸渍材中铜离子的抗流失性方面效果更显著。实验结果为不同处理方式在纳米防腐剂中的选择应用提供了参考。 

Research on the performance of poplar wood treated by nano-CuO/silica sol formulations

  Objective  The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of different post-treatment methods on the decay resistance of nano wood preservative impregnated wood, the compression parallel to grain and the leaching resistance of copper ions, aiming to provide the basis for the application of nano-preservatives.   Method  The nano-CuO/silica sol formulations were prepared by mechanical co-blending, combined with ICP-OES and SEM to investigate the changes of different post-treatment methods（steaming at 100 ℃ and freezing at ?30 ℃）on the decay resistance of impregnated wood, compression parallel to grain, impregnated wood preservative distribution and copper ion leaching resistance.   Result  The decay resistance of the specimens impregnated with nano-CuO/silica sol formulations was significantly improved, reaching the standard of “very durable”. The compression parallel to grain increased by 24.42% compared with the untreated material. Compared with the impregnated specimens, the extended steaming post-treatment time resulted in a more uniform and dense distribution of the formulations in the treated material, while the freezing post-treatment resulted in a granular distribution of the formulations. The mass loss of impregnated material after steaming post-treatment for 90 min and freezing post-treatment for 8h was reduced by 18.30% and 24.37%, respectively compared with the impregnated material. Steaming post-treatment for a shorter period of time can improve the leaching resistance of copper ions in impregnated materials, while the leaching resistance of copper ions in impregnated materials after different time of freezing post-treatment was better than that of impregnated materials, and the leaching of copper ions was reduced by 8.72%?34.40%. Compression parallel to grain of steaming post-treated impregnated material was higher than that of normal impregnated specimens, with an increase of 0.64%?5.31%, while the compressive strength of freezing post-treated impregnated material was slightly lower than that of impregnated material.   Conclusion  Steaming post-treatment was found to be very effective in improving the compression parallel to grain of the impregnated materials with nano-CuO/silica sol preservatives, while freezing post-treatment was more effective in improving the leaching resistance of copper ions. The experimental results provide a reference for the application of different treatments in the selection of nanopreservatives.