吡唑醚菌酯的降解代谢及毒理研究进展

吡唑醚菌酯是甲氧基丙烯酸酯类新型广谱杀菌剂,主要用于防控农作物上由真菌引起的病害,兼具保护、治疗和叶片渗透传导作用,具有高效、低毒、广谱等特点。吡唑醚菌酯上市至今已有近20年,在全球多种作物上登记使用,使用总量大、应用范围广,在土壤和水生态系统中蓄积污染,对环境和动植物存在较高的潜在风险。本文总结了吡唑醚菌酯的理化性质、作用特点及应用概况,对其在环境中的降解及在动植物体内的代谢、毒理、检测方法、残留限量等进行综述,以期为吡唑醚菌酯的生态环境与健康风险评价、降解代谢机理研究、环境污染修复、残留限量标准制定和科学施用提供参考。

Research progress on pyraclostrobin degradation, metabolism, and toxicology

Pyraclostrobin is a new broad-spectrum fungicide of methoxy acrylate, mainly used to prevent and control diseases caused by fungi on crops. It fulfills protective, treatment, and leaf osmotic conductive functions, and exhibits high efficiency, low toxicity, and broad spectrum characteristics. Pyraclostrobin has been on the market for nearly two decades, registered and used on various crops around the world. It was widely and heavily used, and its accumulation and pollution in the soil and water ecosystems represent high potential risks to the environment, animals, and plants. In this study, we summarized the physical and chemical properties, functional characteristics, and application of pyraclostrobin, and we also reviewed its degradation in the environment, metabolism in animals and plants, toxicological research, detection methods, and residue limit. The objectives of this study are to provide a reference for evaluating the potential harm of pyraclostrobin to the ecological environment, animal and plant health, studying its degradation and metabolism mechanisms, alleviating environmental pollution, and formulating residue limit standards and scientific applications.