寒冷地区延迟播种期与插秧期对水稻产量及品质的影响

在吉林省气候条件下,研究了延迟播种、延期插秧对水稻产量与质量的影响。结果表明,吉林省适宜的播种期为4月12日,适宜的插秧期为5月25日,4月17～27日播种,5月30日至6月10日插秧,产量虽然下降9.57%～15.43%,但是产量能达到8 000 kg/hm2以上,与常规栽培的产量相近。5月2～17日播种,6月15～30日插秧,产量下降34.57%～88.83%,而且单穴穗数、每穗粒数、饱满千粒重、混合千粒重、饱满粒率、经济系数、生物产量、糙米率、精米率、整精米率、胶稠度等随播种期与插秧期的延后而明显下降;垩白率、垩白度明显上升。延迟播种不宜超过4月27日,延期插秧不宜超过6月10日。

Effects of Delayed Sowing and Transplanting Time on Yield and Quality of Rice at the Cold Area

Effects of delayed seedtime and transplanting on yield and quality of rice was studied at the climatic conditions of Jilin Province.The result showed that the appropriate sowing was on 12 of April and the suitable transplanting time was on 25 of May.Although the yield decreased by 9.57 to 15.43%,yield could attain 8000 kg/hm2 and that could reach average yield level of conventional cultivation when sowing time was from 17 to 27 of April and transplanting time was from 30 May to 10 of June.If seeds sowed on 2 to 17 of May and seedling transplanting on 15 to 30 of June,the yield decreased from 34.57 to 88.83% and the panicles per hill,grains per panicle,full 1000-grain weight,mixed 1000-grain weight,full grain percentage,economic coefficient,biomass,brown rice rate,milled rice rate,head rice rate,gel consistency decreased obviously,and the chalk grain rate,chalkiness also increased obviously.The sowing time should not exceed 27 of April and transplanting should not exceed 10 of June at the climatic conditions of Jilin Province.