人工饲草料地生产效能的研究

在牧区草料的匮乏严重阻碍着草地畜牧业的发展 ,牲畜头数增加 ,草地过牧 ,使生态环境遭受着严重破坏。选择了具有代表性的新疆天山北坡中段昌吉市阿什里哈萨克民族乡 ,对其畜牧业生产系统的草、家畜生产和能物流流转情况进行了研究。运用能物流高效持续利用原则和线性规划法 ,提出了切实可行的人工饲草料生产子系统的优化配置模式。结果表明 ,系统优化后 ,全年舍饲的载畜水平大大提高 ;人均年收入由现行系统的 1 70 2元增加到 5 4 86元 ;系统优化后不仅大大减轻了放牧对天然草地造成的压力 ,而且显著提高了土壤肥力 ,改善土质

Study on the Productive Efficiency of the Artificial Grasslands

The development of animal husbandry is seriously restricted by the shortage of herbages in the pastoral areas in Xinjiang, and the ecological environment is seriously degenerated by the increase of domestic animals and the extensive grazing. In this paper, the productive efficiency, production of animal husbandry, and the energy and material currents of the production systems of grassland animal husbandry are discussed in the Arshily Kazak Autonomous Township of Changji City, a typical pastoral area in the middle section of northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains. The optimized modes of the artificial herbage production subsystems are put forward based on the principles of sustainable utilization of the energy and material currents and the linear planning. The results show that, after the subsystems of the artificial herbage production are optimized, the carrying capacity of the production systems of grassland animal husbandry is greatly increased, the per capita annual income is increased from 1 702 yuan RMB to 5 486 yuan RMB, the pressure of grazing to the natural grasslands is greatly reduced, the soil fertility can be obviously increased, and the soils can be improved.