汕优63的产量表现及其高产潜力分析

以中国种植面积最大的水稻良种汕优63为材料,利用相关分析和通径分析相结合的方法,分析了其在信阳15年的产量表现及穗粒结构。结果表明,穗实粒数、有效穗、千粒质量与产量的相关系数分别为0.7423、0.3361、0.2958,且穗实粒数与产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);穗实粒数、有效穗对产量的直接通径系数分别为0.7596和0.3596,均达到极显著水平,而千粒质量仅为0.1738。从产量构成因素对产量回归方程的贡献来看,有效穗数为0.1209,穗实粒数为0.5639,千粒质量为0.0514,有效穗数和穗实粒数明显高于千粒质量。因此,穗实粒数和有效穗是影响汕优63产量的主要因子,千粒质量为次要因子。在生产上,要充分挖掘汕优63在信阳的生产潜力,关键在于实现大穗和足穗,提高结实率。

Analysis of High Yield Potential and Yield Performance of Shanyou 63

Correlation analysis and path analysis were utilized to research Shanyou 63-the variety with the largest euhivated area in China, its yield performanee and spike ＆ grain structure for fifteen years in Xinyang was analyzed. The resuhs showed that the coefficient of correlation between filled grainnumber per ear, effective ear, 1 000-grain weight and yield were 0.742 3, 0.336 1, 0.295 8, respectively. And filled grain number per ear had very- significantly positive eorrelation with yieht; the directness path coefficients of filled grain number per ear anti effective ear to grain yield were 0.759 6 and 0.359 6, respectively. And their differences reached the extremely significant level, whereas that of 1000-grain weight was only 0.173 8. From contribution to constitutive factors of yield on yield regression equation, effective ear, filled grain number per were and 1000-grain weight were 0.120 9, 0.563 9, 0.051 4, respeetively. Effective ear and filled grain number per ear were higher than 1000-grain weight. Therefore, Effective ear and filled grain number per ear were the chief factors which influenced yiehl of Shanyou 63, and 1 000-grain weight was secondary factor. The key to fully tap the potential of Shanyou 63 in Xinyang lie in realizing big and adequate spikes, improving the rate of seed setting in productivity.