| Abstract: | With the renewed emphasis on integrated control in fruit growing, new monitoring and forecasting methods had to be developed to achieve efficient and economical but less disruptive codling moth control. Attractant traps for monitoring adults have long been in use; pheromone traps are a recent addition. They allow for easy monitoring of moth populations but interpreting the significance of catches remains difficult. Pheromone trap catches have been correlated with the seasonal phenology and with estimates of fruit injury. In the United States and Canada critical catch levels below which no treatments are advised have been determined. In addition, new forecasting methods are being developed which include simple physiological-time tables, phenological models and « strategic » population models. Computer-based information delivery systems allow access to these models from the field. It is too early to assess the total impact of these new monitoring and forecasting programs on control practices. Aux Etats-Unis, les systemes de lutte integree suscitent un inter& croissant. Dans les vergers, toute approche dans ce sens requiert un affinement des methodes de recensement des populations de carpocapse des pommes et des poires, de mbme qu'une amelioration des previsions. Depuis longtemps, plusieurs types de pieges attractifs ont ete utilises, mais les pieges a pheromones sont d'introduction recente. Ceux-ci permettent de reveler d'une facon remarquable I'activite des populations, alors que I'interpretation de la signification economique des captures demeure difficile. Aux Etats-Unis et au Canada, il a ete possible d'etablir une relation entre les captures realisees a I'aide de pheromones et les degsts observes sur fruits. Ceci a permis d'etablir des seuils critiques au-dessous desquels il n'est pas: recommande de recourir a une mesure de protection. Parallelement au developpement de tables de survie, de modeles phenologiques et stratkgiques, il a ete etabli un systeme d'information par ordinateurs. I1 est encore trop tat pour evaluer la valeur de ces nouveaux éléments. |
