黄土高原中部丘陵区粮食生产的实践与认识——以延安市宝塔区燕沟流域为例

燕沟流域退耕还林后在粮田面积大幅度减少的新形势下,粮食生产减地不减产并取得增产增效的效果.总结其经验,认识到在黄土高原中部丘陵区,要实现粮食安全生产,应该采取建设确保人均0.14～0.20 hm2基本农田,调整粮食作物种植结构,建立与水资源状况相适应的抗逆应变型种植制度,选择和推广耐旱与丰产性能良好的旱肥型优良品种和增加化肥和有机肥投入等措施.

Practices and perspective of grain production in the middle of The Loess Plateau region

The conversion of cropland to forestland has resulted in a considerable decrease of cropland, In this new situation, we carried out some experiments to demonstrate the benefit of fertilizing in the cropland,which can ensure the stability of the total grain yield by greatly increasing the grain yield per unit land. In addition, the product value and cash income of farmers had also been increased in Yangou watershed. In order to realize grain yield safety in the central section of hilly area of the Loess Plateau, we ought to ensure 0. 14-0.20 hm^2 basic farmland per capita, adjust the pattern of crop farming, build up a new cultivating system that could adapt to new crop varieties and water resources situation, choose and demonstrate selected seeds that can endure drought and increase yield, and increase the input of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer.