生态水文学及有关概念浅析

生态水文学(Ecohydrology)是近10年来发展起来的一门新兴边缘学科,主要从流域尺度上研究水文与生态之间的相互关系,探索实现流域生态平衡与水资源可持续利用的新途径.在我国,近年来生态水文学已经引起学术界的高度重视,但研究工作尚处于起步阶段.国际上,虽然美国、欧洲、加拿大等已经开展了比较多的研究,但对于生态水文学的定义等基本问题尚存在不同的看法.在简述生态水文学发展概况的基础上,对生态水文学及有关基本概念进行分析和讨论,包括生态水文学的定义、生态系统途径、生境质量及其要素、影响生态整体性的环境因素、分析方法以及河流生态学概念等,以深化对生态水文学的认识.

On Ecohydrology and Some Relevant Concepts

Ecohydrology is a new and developing frontier science for nearly 20 years, which studies the interrelation between hydrology and ecology on the watershed scale, and seeks the new approach to ecological balance and sustainable utilization of water resources in watershed. Now the ecohydrology has been paid great attention in academic circles in China, but the research is just on its beginning stage. Internationally, although many studies have been carried out, especially in the United States, Europe and Canada, but there are still divergences for some basic problems, such as the definition of ecohydrology. Ecohydrology and some relevant concepts are reviewed and discussed briefly in this paper, including the definition of ecohydrology, ecosystem approach, habitat quality and its composition, environmental factors affecting biological integrity, analytical approaches, and concepts in river ecology. The purpose is to deepen the knowledge of ecohydrology.