一个耐盐小麦-多枝赖草二体异附加系外源染色体的鉴定

 【目的】对附加系Line15进行耐盐性验证，并了解其外源多枝赖草染色体的遗传背景。【方法】利用含0.4%（w/w）NaCl的人工模拟盐池进行耐盐性鉴定，并对Line15根尖细胞、花粉母细胞的染色体数目进行检测，进而利用荧光原位杂交和微卫星标记技术对其遗传物质进行进一步鉴定。【结果】小麦-多枝赖草杂交后代Line15为一个具有较高耐盐特性的材料，其染色体组成为2n=44=22 II，属于一个小麦-多枝赖草二体异附加系。根据SSR检测结果表明，Line15附加的一对多枝赖草染色体与小麦的第2部分同源群长臂、第3部分同源群着丝粒和第7部分同源群短臂密切相关。【结论】对小麦-多枝赖草二体异附加系Line15进行了生理、细胞和分子水平的系统检测，较全面地揭示了Line15耐盐性的具体来源。

Identification of the Alien Chromosomes in a Salt-Resistant Wheat-Leymus multicaulis Disomic Addition Line

【Objective】The salt-resistance and the alien addition chromosomes of the addition line Line15 were studied in an experiment. 【Method】The salt-resistance was detected under 0.4% ( NaCl/soil w/w) salt stress in man-made simulated salt pool. The numbers of chromosomes in the root cells and pollen cells was also checked. Then Line15 was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and simple sequence repeat (SSR).【Result】The results showed that the wheat-Leymus multicaulis offspring Line15 was a salt-resistant line, and it was a disomic alien addition line which karyotype was 2n=44=22II. The results of SSR showed that the two alien addition chromosomes are closely correlated to the long arm of the second homologous group, the centromere region of the third homologous group and the short arm of the seventh homologous group in wheat, respectively. 【Conclusion】In this research, the wheat-Leymus multicaulis disomic alien addition line Line15 was detected on physiological, cellular and molecular level. The research results have provided reliable evidence for the source of the salt-resistance of Line15.