Early growth and development of silver birch (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Betula pendula</Emphasis> Roth.) plantations on abandoned agricultural land |
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Authors: | Merit Kund Aivo Vares Allan Sims Hardi Tullus Veiko Uri |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Silviculture, Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering,Estonian University of Life Sciences,Tartu,Estonia;2.Seed and Plant Management Department,State Forest Management Centre,Tartu,Estonia;3.Department of Forest Management, Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering,Estonian University of Life Sciences,Tartu,Estonia |
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Abstract: | Eight-year-old plantations (11) of silver birch were studied on abandoned agricultural land in Estonia. Trees were planted
on uncovered soil and on polyethylene. After eight growing seasons, the height and diameter at breast height of the trees
grown on polyethylene were significantly (P < 0.001) larger than corresponding parameters of the trees grown on uncovered soil. The annual height increment of the birches
grown on the polyethylene was significantly (P < 0.05) larger during six growing seasons after planting compared to that of the trees grown on uncovered soil. However,
annual height increments were not significantly different in the 7th and the 8th growing seasons. The use of polyethylene
mulching had a statistically significant effect (P < 0.001) on the height of the beginning of the live crown in 8-year-old plantations. The differences between the values of
live crown ratio of the trees grown on polyethylene and the values of live crown ratio of the trees grown on uncovered soil
decreased during six growing seasons. However, by the 7th and 8th growing seasons, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the values of the live crown ratio. The height growth of silver birch grown without mulching as well as with
mulching was found to be more intensive on Glossic Podzoluvisol, Calcaric Cambisol, Calcaric Luvisol and Dystric Gleysol; however, the height growth was more intensive on mulched soil. The height growth of the birches was modelled on the single-tree
and stand levels for five soil types. |
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