转基因抗虫植物对昆虫天敌的影响

随着商业化种植的迅速推广,转基因作物在给人们带来经济效益的同时,其对生态环境可能带来的风险已成为关注的焦点。转基因抗虫作物在对靶标害虫有很好控制作用的同时,对捕食性天敌和寄生性天敌及其种群数量的影响是其生态安全评价的重要内容。文章从天敌个体及种群两个方面综述了转基因抗虫作物对天敌的影响。目前,大多数研究表明转基因抗虫作物在有效控制靶标害虫的同时,对昆虫天敌没有明显的不利影响,也有研究报道认为对某些天敌有一定的不良影响,除个别Bt棉田外,未发现转基因作物田中天敌种群数量受到不良影响。

Effects of insect resistant transgenic plants on natural enemies

Insect resistant transgenic plants have been planted commercially in many countries and play an important role in integrated pest management (IPM) and creating economic benefits. However, great concerns have been raised about the potential ecological risks of transgenic plants, and increasing attentions have also been paid for the effects of transgenic plants on non-target insects, especially on natural enemies. This paper reviewed the impact of transgenic plants resistant to insects on natural enemies from both aspects of individual and population levels. So far, most reports indicated that the transgenic plants resistant to insects do not have side effect on natural enemies, but some side effects also reported. The populations of the predators and parasitoids in transgenic plants fields were equal to or higher than those in regular plant fields, except for some reports that the number of the predators changed not clearly in individual transgenic cotton field, but the population dynamic of parasitic insects decreased significantly.