浙江新育成的杂交粳稻与常规粳稻主要性状比较

通过对浙江省2001—2003年区域试验中杂交粳稻与常规粳稻主要性状的比较分析,认为杂交粳稻特别是单季杂交粳稻的产量优势明显,有较大的增产潜力。杂交粳稻主要表现植株高大、穗大粒多、千粒重大,但存在生育期稍长、有效穗偏少、成穗率和结实率偏低等问题,这些特点在单季杂交粳稻上表现更为明显。双季杂交粳稻的稻瘟病抗性、褐稻虱抗性和外观品质不及常规粳稻,白叶枯病抗性与常规粳稻相仿;单季杂交粳稻的稻瘟病抗性和白叶枯病抗性差于常规粳稻,褐稻虱抗性与常规粳稻相当,但外观品质略优于常规粳稻。在其它品质性状上,杂交粳稻与常规粳稻差异不明显。

Comparison in Major Characters of Newly-developed Varieties Between Hybrid Japonica Rice and Conventional Japonica Rice in Zhejiang Province

The new double cropping second season and single cropping varieties of hybrid japonica rice and conventional japonica rice in the regional trials of Zhejiang Province from 2001 to 2003 were chosen to compare in their major agronomic and economic characters.The results showed that hybrid japonica rice,especially the single cropping hybrid japonica rice,had a marked yield advantage over conventional japonica rice.Compared with the conventional rice,the hybrid rice had taller plants,bigger panicles with more spikelets and heavier grains,but it had a little longer growth duration,smaller number of productive panicles,lower panicle-bearing tiller rate and seed-setting percentage.Such characteristics were even more conspicuous in single cropping rice.For double cropping second season rice,hybrid rice was poorer than conventional rice in the resistances of blast and brown plant hopper and appearance grain quality,but it was similar to conventional rice in the resistance of bacterial leaf blight.For single cropping rice,hybrid rice had a weaker resistance of blast and bacterial leaf blight but a little better performance in the appearance grain quality than conventional rice;the resistance of brown plant hopper of hybrid rice was similar to that of conventional rice.In the other grain quality characters,there was not a big difference between hybrid rice and conventional rice.