鄱阳湖区棉花不同间套作模式效益研究

为提高棉花的抗风险、抗灾难系数,确保棉花主产区稳产增收,2009年开展环鄱阳湖区棉花不同间套作模式效益研究,采取定户、定田、定模式、定技术方案的办法,分别布置棉花+花生、棉花+玉米、棉花纯作(对照)3区对比试验。结果表明:棉花+花生间作可以集约利用土地资源,提高光能利用率和棉田总体效益,相比纯作区年总产值增加了0.38万元/hm2,纯收入提高8.0%,光能利用率提高了12.5%。而棉花+玉米间作存在空间生态位竞争,棉花产量受到影响,减产40.2%,达到显著水平(P<0.05),经济效益上比棉花纯作年总产值却增加0.66万元/hm2,纯收入提高20.0%,但从粮食食品安全考虑,建议该模式不宜推广。

Research on Effectiveness of Different Intercropping Patterns in Cotton Field of Poyang Lake Area

In order to enhance the anti-risk and anti-disaster coefficient of cotton production,and ensure the stable yield and increasing income of cotton in the main cotton producing areas,the effectiveness of different intercropping patterns(cotton + peanut,cotton + maize) in cotton field of Poyang Lake area was studied and compared in 2009 by using the methods of fixing farmer,fixing field,fixing pattern and fixing technical scheme.The results showed that the cotton + peanut intercropping could intensively use land resources,and increase the rate of solar energy utilization and the overall effectiveness of cotton field;in comparison with pure cropping of cotton(CK),the cotton + peanut intercropping could increase annual total output value by 3800 yuan/hm2,net income by 8.0%,and solar energy utilization rate by 12.5%.As compared with CK,the cotton + maize intercropping could decrease cotton yield by 40.2%(P<0.05) due to spatial niche competition,while could enhance annual total output value by 6600 yuan/hm2 and net income by 20.0%.Considering the safety of food supplies,cotton + maize intercropping was not suitable for popularization.