野生天山马鹿哈密种群微卫星遗传多样性

为了解野生天山马鹿哈密种群的微卫星多态性，本文选用5对微卫星标记引物，利用粪便DNA分析法、PCR和复合电泳银染技术，通过计算基因频率（JP）、有效等位基因数（M）、群体杂合度（1te）、多态信息含量（PIC）和遗传距离，对冬季采集的201份天山马鹿粪便进行了研究，评价了其遗传多样性和系统进化分析。结果表明：成功提取I）NA的194份粪便分属140个体；种群平均等位基因4．200±0．837；平均有效等位基因数3．2167±0．0236；平均多态信息含量0．6332±0．0017；平均期望杂合度0．694±0．035；平均观察杂合度0．792±O．063。整个种群没显著偏离Hardy—Weinberg平衡，种群剧定系数Fis为一0．238。从此可见，野生天山马鹿哈密种群具有比较丰富的遗传多样性.

Microsatellite Genetic Diversity of Komul Population of Wild Tianshan Red Deer

Abstract： We assessed the genetic diversity of the wild Tianshan red deer population in Komut, Xinjiang. We collected 201 fecal samples of red deer from 3 Komul herds and analyzed genetic di- versity using the fecal DNA analysis method and PCR and multiplex gel electrophoresis of silver staining technology with 5 pairs of microsatellite markers. These markers were highly polymorphic loci with rich genetic diversity in the Komul population. The total of 201 fecal samples from 3 groups were assigned to 140 individuals. Mean numbers of alleles and effective alleles（Ne） were 4. 20 ± 0. 84 and 3. 217±0. 024, respectively. The average polymorphic information content （PIC） was 0. 633 ± 0. 002, and expected heterozygosity （He） and mean observed heterozygosity （Ho） were 0. 694 ±0. 035 and 0. 792 ±0. 063, respectively. The population had not deviatedsignificantly from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium（ HWE）and the inbreeding coefficient was -0. 238. Overall, a high level of genetic diversity was observed in the Tianshan red deer population in Komul.