基于RUSLE模型的长汀县水土流失评估

目的]为中国南方红壤分布区RUSLE模型的本地化研究提供重要参考,同时为福建省长汀县水土流失防治及解决与此相关的其他问题提供科学的决策依据。方法]以修正的通用水土流失方程RUSLE(revised universal soil loss equation)为评估基础,以长汀县为试验研究区,在地理信息系统和遥感技术的支持下,通过研究新方法计算降雨侵蚀力因子、参数调校或利用现有方法计算其余因子完成研究区水土流失评估。结果]得到2013年长汀县水土流失等级分布图。2013年研究区水土流失已大有好转,但仍比较严重,主要为轻度和中度流失,其中河田镇、策武乡、濯田镇、三洲乡是重灾区。结论]尽量减少不合理的人类活动,有效提高植被覆盖率,是研究区今后水土流失防治的基本措施。

Assessment of Soil and Water Loss in Changting County Based on RUSLE Model

Objective] The objective of this study is to improve the RUSLE (revised universal soil loss equation) model for its using in the southern red soil area in order to provide scientific basis for soil erosion control in Changting County of Fujian Province. Methods] Based on RUSLE model and combined with GIS and RS technologies, we assessed the soil and water loss in Changting County. The rainfall erosion factors were calculated by a new developed method. The remaining factors that were used in RUSLE model were derived by improving or using the existing methods. Results] A map of soil erosion intensity grades distribution in 2013 was obtained by an empirical research. The results show that soil erosion in Changting County has been improved in 2013, but still serious. The dominated types of erosion were slight and moderate loss. The area most affected by soil erosion was Hetian, Cewu, Zhuotian and Sanzhou Township. Conclusion] To reduce the human activities and increase the vegetation coverage are the main effective measures for erosion control in the future.