采伐干扰下长白山阔叶红松林主要灌木种群生态位动态特征

利用Levins、Hurlbert和Pianka生态位指数分析了采伐干扰下长白山阔叶红松林主要灌木种群在伐后不同年度资源维上的生态位动态特征。结果表明:在研究时段内,东北山梅花(Philadelphus schrenkii)、鸡树条荚蒾(Viburnum sargenti)和软枣子猕猴桃(Actinidia arguta)生态位宽度最大,比研究中的其它7种灌木种类的生态位重叠指数也高,东北溲疏(Deutzia amurensis)生态位宽度最窄。伐后生态位宽度都有所增加,其中,9种灌木伐后10a生态位宽度达到最大,伐后15a降低,伐后20a基本与原始林中生态位相同。与原始林相比,伐后5、10、15a所有灌木种对的生态位重叠指数都有所增加,表明采伐后灌木对资源的利用能力增强。伐后20a,生态位重叠指数接近原始林中的灌木种对的生态位重叠指数。

Effects of Tending Felling on Niche Dynamics of Main Shrub Populations in Broad-leaved Korean Pine Mixed Forests in Changbai Mountains

Niche breadth and overlap of main shrub populations in broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forests in Changbai Mountains were analyzed along the gradient of 5,10,15 and 20 years after tending felling in accordance with Levins,Hurlbert and Pianka indices.Result shows that Philadelphus schrenkii,Viburnum sargenti and Actinidia arguta have higher niche breadth and niche overlap,and Deutzia amurensis has the lowest niche breadth.The niche breadths of all the species increase after tending felling,in which the niche breadths of nine shrub species reach the highest 10 years after tending felling,decrease 15 years after tending felling and approach to the niche breadth in the primary forest 20 years after tending felling.The niche overlaps of main shrub species are larger than those in the primary forest 5,10 and 15 years after tending felling,and close to those in the primary forest 20 years after tending felling,indicating that the ability of the shrubs to utilize the spatial resources increases after tending felling.