The effect of increasing NaCl in irrigation water on growth,gas exchange and yield of tobacco Burley type |
| |
| Institution: | 2. Department of Anesthesiology, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY.;3. A.M.M. assisted with the article as a high school summer student;1. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Shandong Dongying Institute of Geographic Sciences, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Dongying 257000, China;4. CAS Engineering Laboratory for Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;5. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;1. Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;2. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;1. Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Canning Town, West Bengal, 743 329, India;2. International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Regional Center, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India;3. International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines;4. Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Haryana, India;1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences and Centre for Resources, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China;2. Research Institute of Nuclear and Biotechnologies, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China;3. Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation (Shandong), Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China;4. Soil Science & Plant Nutrition, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia;5. Land and Environmental College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China;1. Olive Research Department, National Center for Agricultural Research and Extension, P.O. Box 639, Baqa 19381, Jordan;2. Water Management and Environment Research Department, National Center for Agricultural Research and Extension, P.O. Box 639, Baqa 19381, Jordan |
| |
| Abstract: | Despite the economic importance of tobacco, there is limited field study on the quantitative response of growth and yield to increasing soil salinity. The effects of irrigation with saline water on yield components of field-grown tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) “Burley” type plants were studied over two growing seasons. Growth, dry matter partitioning and gas exchange were measured either in rainfed or fully irrigated plants growing in a clayey–sandy–loam soil. The four fully irrigated treatments received amounts of saline waters at 0.54, 2.5, 5.0 or 10 dS m?1 electrical conductivity (ECw) equal to crop evapotranspiration. In both years, the electrical conductivity of the saturation phase (ECe) across the 0.6 m topsoil profile increased with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. Soil moisture was markedly lower in the rainfed treatment than in fully irrigated treatments. Different saline concentrations of irrigation water had virtually no effect on soil moisture. Carbon assimilation rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency of the saline treatments were lower than the fully irrigated plants at 0.54 dS m?1 (NW treatment) in 1996, but not in 1997. Transpiration rates were unaffected by salinity in both years. The highest yield was produced by plants irrigated with good quality water. The number of leaves per unit land area was greater for the NW plants, whereas there were no differences between the other four treatments. Salinity decreased plant dry matter and height at harvest, increased dry matter partitioning into leaves and decreased that into stems in both years. Dry matter partitioning to leaves was also greater for the rainfed plants than for the NW plants. Tobacco plants grown under field conditions showed a maximum reduction of relative yield at the highest salinity level of only 31%. The threshold values (0.56 and 0.96 dS m?1) and the ECe at which a 10% yield reduction was obtained (3.12 and 2.55 dS m?1) calculated from the linear model of response of relative yield to increasing ECe were typical of moderately sensitive crops. The ECe values at which 50% yield was reduced (13.34 and 8.91 dS m?1) were indicative of moderate tolerance to salinity. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
