Biological and mineralogical features of Andisols in the Mexican volcanic higlands |
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| Institution: | 1. IRD, 32 avenue H. Varagnat, 93143 Bondy, France;2. Instituto de Ecologı́a A.C., Ap.Postal 63, 91000 Xalapa, Ver., Mexico;1. School of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;2. Nanning Museum, Nanning 530012, China;3. Department of Anthropology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2424 Maile Way, 346, Saunders Hall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;4. Gemmological Institute, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;5. Guangxi Museum of Nationalities, Nanning 530022, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China;2. National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China;4. Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China;5. Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China;1. Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China |
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| Abstract: | In the montane grasslands of Mexico, perennial grass and black Andisols are linked in a complex mechanism of soil formation in which both biogenic and mineral products interact. In this ecosystem, typical of the volcanic highlands, a sequence of profiles has been studied by macro- and micro-morphology, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infra-red spectroscopy of soil samples and humic acid (HA) extracts, radiocarbon dating and pollen record, soil moisture and available water determinations and soil water analyses. The grass Muhlennberrgia macroura is important in the soil-forming process as it is the host of micro- and meso-fauna which produce abundant organic micro-aggregates. Soil formation began 7550 years ago and continued through several climatic and vegetation changes. The soil thickens as its age increases. Mineral neoformation is oriented towards allophane and halloysite, rather than Al-rich minerals such as imogolite and gibbsite, and high Si contents are observed in the soil water. The black Andisols have high water and carbon storage capacities and play a prominent role in regulating drainage. Presentday destruction of the grassland for potato cultivation will decrease the waterer reserve of these volcanic highlands. |
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