In vitro propagation of three endangered cactus species |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Food Chemistry and Analysis Department, TIB 4/3-1, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, D-13355 Berlin, Germany;2. Suez Canal University, Agriculture Faculty, Food Technology Department, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt;3. University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany;1. Laboratório de Análises Bioquímicas e Citológicas (LABC), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;3. Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Produção de Matéria-Prima, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;4. Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul RS, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | We tested the feasibility of in vitro culture techniques for the propagation of the three endangered cacti species Escobaria minima (Baird) D. Hunt, Mammillaria pectinifera (Ruempler) F.A.C. Weber and Pelecyphora aselliformis Ehrenberg. Twenty-five MS-based proliferation media were tested in preliminary experiments, with different combinations of the auxin NAA and either of the cytokinins BA, kinetin or TDZ. TDZ induced a good proliferation rate, albeit associated with abundant callus formation and hyperhydricity of axillary shoots. A high multiplication rate combined with good quality proliferated shoots and little or no callus induction was observed on media containing BA for E. minima and M. pectinifera and on a medium containing kinetin for P. aselliformis. These results were also confirmed in subsequent experiments in which different explants (shoot tips, bases and longitudinal sections) were used. Micropropagated plantlets were successfully restored to the field, where they reached the flowering stage. Plantlet regeneration of M. pectinifera and P. aselliformis from callus induced on media containing TDZ, but not 2,4-D, was also achieved. |
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