Effects of vitamin E and selenium administration on pregnant,heavy draft mares on placental retention time and reproductive performance and on white muscle disease in their foals |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland;2. Department of Pharmacology, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland;3. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland;1. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow 119234, Russia;2. FGBU Hematology Research Centre, Russia Federation Ministry of Public Health, Moscow 125167, Russia;3. Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow 123098, Russia;1. Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany;2. Unit of Reproductive Medicine–Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany;3. Lower Saxon National Stud Celle, Celle, Germany;1. Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Kentucky, USA;2. Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA;3. Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, USA;4. Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura, Egypt;5. Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Brazil;6. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium;7. Division of Comparative Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA;1. Platform Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria;2. Section for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria;3. Institute of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria;4. Institut Kuhlmann GmbH, Hedwig-Laudien-Ring 3, 67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | This study investigated the effects of administering vitamin E and selenium to pregnant heavy draft horsemares on the incidence of retained placenta and postpartum reproductive performance and on the prevention of the white muscle disease in their foals. In study A, 1,000 mg of vitamin E and 50 mg of selenium (E-SE 20 mL) were given to 22 mares 3 weeks before expected parturition (335 days counted from last mating), whereas 28 mares were used as controls. In study B, E-SE were administered 2 weeks before expected parturition at 2 dose levels, with 25 mares receiving 20 mL E-SE, 19 mares receiving 10 mL, and 29 mares kept as controls. Vitamin E and selenium were assayed in serum collected from some of the mares before administration of E-SE and again postpartum and from the foals immediately after birth. Serum selenium concentrations before E-SE administration were deficient (<65 ng/mL) in all mares (n = 48) but were increased in the postpartum sample from treated mares regardless of the dose or timing of administration (n = 31) (P = .05). Only study B mares were deficient in vitamin E prepartum, and both dose levels of E-SE had corrected this in the postpartum sample (P = .01). All foals were selenium deficient regardless of whether their dams had received E-SE or not, although concentrations were higher in foals from treated study A mares than from controls (P = .05). Mares with the highest selenium concentrations prepartum (40 ng/mL and over) had shorter placental retention times than mares with lower selenium concentrations (P = .05) and did not respond to E-SE with a further reduction in retention time. By contrast, mares with prepartum selenium concentrations between 20 and 40 ng/mL tended to respond to E-SE with a shortened placental retention time (P = .07). E-SE administration reduced the mean number of days from parturition to last mating (nonpregnant term) in study B mares (P = .05) and in mares with adequate prepartum vitamin E concentrations (>300 g/mL, P = .05). We conclude that maintaining high level serum vitamin E and selenium concentrations of prepartum mares is expected to increase fertility of selenium-deficient mares. Therefore, the regimen of vitamin E and selenium administrations to selenium deficient mares should be developed. |
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