种植年限对设施大棚土壤次生盐渍化与酸化的影响 |
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引用本文: | 文方芳. 种植年限对设施大棚土壤次生盐渍化与酸化的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2016, 0(4): 49-53. DOI: 10.11838/sfsc.20160408 |
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作者姓名: | 文方芳 |
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作者单位: | 北京市土壤肥料工作站,北京,100029 |
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摘 要: | 以京郊设施大棚为研究对象,分析了不同种植年限设施大棚土壤盐分含量、离子组成和pH值状况。结果表明,新建设施大棚在第3或第4年就出现了土壤次生盐渍化,5年以上的老设施大棚土壤电导率超标(0.5 m S·cm~(-1))率远高于新建设施大棚。设施大棚土壤盐分在0~20 cm表聚明显,盐分含量随着土层的加深而逐渐降低。盐基离子以SO_4~(2-)为主,其次是C~(2+);盐基离子含量大小顺序:阳离子为Ca~(2+)Na~+K~+Mg~(2+);阴离子为SO_4~(2-)HCO_3~-Cl~-。设施大棚土壤pH值随着种植年限的延长而下降;连续种植15年后,设施大棚土壤盐分平均增加了1.25倍,pH值平均下降9.3%。土壤次生盐渍化与酸化两者伴随出现,已成为限制设施生产可持续发展的重要障碍。
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关 键 词: | 设施大棚 种植年限 次生盐渍化 酸化 |
收稿时间: | 2015-05-05 |
修稿时间: | 2015-08-14 |
Effect of planting years on soil secondary salinity and soil acidification in greenhouse |
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Abstract: | In this study, soil salt content, ions components of salinity and soil pH value in greenhouse with different cropping years were analyzed . The results showed that newly greenhouse turned to secondary salinity soil in the 3th or 4th year. The probability of greenhouse soil electrical conductivity exceeded 0. 5 mS?cm-1 in over 5 years of old facilities were much higher than those of the newly ones. Soil salt were highly accumulated among 0~20 cm layer, and decreased with the increase of soil layer. Iongs components of salinity in soil were mainly SO2-4 and Ca2+, the order of ions were SO2-4 >HCO3- >Cl-and cations were Ca2+ >Na+ >K+ >Mg2+. Along with the increase of cropping years, pH value decreased obviously. After 15 continu-ous planting, the average soil salt increased by 1. 25 times, the average pH value decreased by 9. 3%. Soil secondary salinity accompanied by soil acidification, both of them became main obstacles to the sustainable development of the facilities produc-tion. |
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Keywords: | greenhouse planting years soil secondary salinity soil acidification |
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