植茶年限对土壤pH值、有机质与酚酸含量的影响

土壤pH值和有机质是土壤肥力的重要指标,土壤中的酚酸类物质也是一类重要的有机物质,与pH值和有机质关系复杂。本文以四川省名山区茶园土壤为对象,研究植茶年限对土壤pH值、有机质和酚酸含量的影响,并探讨它们之间的相互关系。结果显示:随着植茶年限的延长,各土层土壤的pH值均呈现不同程度的下降趋势,即植茶10年植茶7年植茶5年植茶3年水稻土,表层土壤酸化明显;随着植茶年限的延长,土壤有机质、总酚和水溶性酚含量均呈增加趋势。相关分析表明,0~10 cm土层土壤中,总酚与土壤pH值呈负相关;10~20和30~40 cm土层土壤中,水溶性酚与土壤pH值呈负相关;10~20 cm土层土壤中,总酚与土壤有机质呈正相关;在10~20、20~30和30~40 cm土层土壤中,水溶性酚与土壤有机质呈正相关。说明植茶土壤酚酸含量的增加是影响土壤pH值下降和有机质含量升高的重要因素。

Effects of tea planting age on soil pH value,contents of organic matter and phenolic acids

Soil pH and organic matter are important index of soil fertility. Phenolic acids in the soil is also an important organ-ic substance which has a complex relationship with the pH and organic matter. In this paper, the tea garden soil in Mingshan district, Sichuan province was chosen as the research objective to study the influence of tea planting age on soil pH value, con-tent of organic matter and phenolic acids, and to explore the relationship between them. The results showed that with the ex-tension of tea planting age, the pH value of each soil layer showed a downward trend in varying degrees, with a tendency of 10 years < 7 years < 5 years < 3 years < paddy soil, and the acidification was obvious in the surface soil. With the extension of tea planting age, the organic matter of soil, total phenolic acids and water-soluble phenolic acids content were increased. Correlation analysis illustrated that the total phenolic acids from 0~10 cm of the soil was negative to the pH of that layer, and the water-soluble phenolic acids from 10~20 and 30~40 cm of the soil were negative to the pH of that layer; the total phenolic acids from 10~20 cm of the soil was positive to the organic matter of that layer, and the water-soluble phenolic acids from 10~20, 20~30 and 30~40 cm of the soil were positive to the organic matter of that layer. It was concluded that the content of phenolic acids in soil with different tea planting ages was important factor that influenced the pH and organic matter.