炭基有机物料对陕南烤烟氮钾含量、光合特性、生长及质量的影响

在陕南烟区采用田间试验,以秦烟96为材料,通过设置5个施用量,研究了炭基有机物料(生物炭和草炭质量比为3∶7)对烤烟氮钾含量、光合特性、生长及产质量的影响,目的在于寻求植烟土壤改良和供肥能力提高的有效途径,进一步提升烟叶产质量。结果表明,外施炭基有机物料在0~9 000 kg/hm~2范围内,随施用量增加,烟叶全钾含量、净光合速率、叶面积、产量、均价、中上等烟比例逐渐增加,均呈显著正相关。在9 000~12 000 kg/hm~2范围,抑制作用显著或无显著变化,其中产值、中上等烟比例降低,呈显著负相关。综合分析,该炭基有机物料施用量以9 000 kg/hm~2为宜,可有效改善土壤结构,提高烟叶氮、钾营养和光合性能,促进烤烟生长发育,同时获得较好的产量和经济效益。

Effect of carbon based organic material application on nitrogen and potassium content,photosynthetic characteristics,growth and quality of flue cured tobacco in southern Shaanxi province

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of carbon-based organic material on contents of nitrogen and potassium content, photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic characters and yield and quality in flue-cured tobacco using Qin-yan 96 as materials to explore an efficient measure to ameliorate soil in tobacco field in southern Shaanxi province. The result showed that carbon-based organic material application increased contents of potassium and net photosynthetic rate, improved agronomic character and enhanced yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco with application rates from 0 to 9000 kg/hm2 . The above parameters were significantly positive correlative with application amount. However, with increase application rate from 9000~12000 kg/hm2 , the decreased effect or non-significant change were obtained for the above parameters. The output value and the ratio of mid-high grade leaves were negative related with application rates. 9000 kg/hm2 carbon-based organic material was the best application rate in this experiment, which could improve soil structure, enhance leaf nutrition and pho-tosynthetic characteristics as well as yield and quality in flue-cured tobacco leaves.