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炭基有机物料对陕南烤烟氮钾含量、光合特性、生长及质量的影响
引用本文:陈富彩,耿伟,阮志,郑璞帆,崔志燕,张玲,高梅,金保锋,张立新. 炭基有机物料对陕南烤烟氮钾含量、光合特性、生长及质量的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2016, 0(2): 114-119. DOI: 10.11838/sfsc.20160221
作者姓名:陈富彩  耿伟  阮志  郑璞帆  崔志燕  张玲  高梅  金保锋  张立新
作者单位:1. 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西 杨凌,712100;2. 安康市烟草公司旬阳分公司,陕西 旬阳,725700;3. 广东中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,广东 广州,510385
基金项目:广东中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心科技项目(粤烟工05XM-QK(2014)015)
摘    要:在陕南烟区采用田间试验,以秦烟96为材料,通过设置5个施用量,研究了炭基有机物料(生物炭和草炭质量比为3∶7)对烤烟氮钾含量、光合特性、生长及产质量的影响,目的在于寻求植烟土壤改良和供肥能力提高的有效途径,进一步提升烟叶产质量。结果表明,外施炭基有机物料在0~9 000 kg/hm~2范围内,随施用量增加,烟叶全钾含量、净光合速率、叶面积、产量、均价、中上等烟比例逐渐增加,均呈显著正相关。在9 000~12 000 kg/hm~2范围,抑制作用显著或无显著变化,其中产值、中上等烟比例降低,呈显著负相关。综合分析,该炭基有机物料施用量以9 000 kg/hm~2为宜,可有效改善土壤结构,提高烟叶氮、钾营养和光合性能,促进烤烟生长发育,同时获得较好的产量和经济效益。

关 键 词:烤烟  炭基有机物料  烟叶营养  光合性能  质量
收稿时间:2015-01-05
修稿时间:2015-04-25

Effect of carbon based organic material application on nitrogen and potassium content,photosynthetic characteristics,growth and quality of flue cured tobacco in southern Shaanxi province
Abstract:A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of carbon-based organic material on contents of nitrogen and potassium content, photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic characters and yield and quality in flue-cured tobacco using Qin-yan 96 as materials to explore an efficient measure to ameliorate soil in tobacco field in southern Shaanxi province. The result showed that carbon-based organic material application increased contents of potassium and net photosynthetic rate, improved agronomic character and enhanced yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco with application rates from 0 to 9000 kg/hm2 . The above parameters were significantly positive correlative with application amount. However, with increase application rate from 9000~12000 kg/hm2 , the decreased effect or non-significant change were obtained for the above parameters. The output value and the ratio of mid-high grade leaves were negative related with application rates. 9000 kg/hm2 carbon-based organic material was the best application rate in this experiment, which could improve soil structure, enhance leaf nutrition and pho-tosynthetic characteristics as well as yield and quality in flue-cured tobacco leaves.
Keywords:flue-cured tobacco  carbon-based organic material  leaf nutrition  photosynthetic characteristics  quality
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