三江源区土壤微生物和土壤养分空间分布特性研究

选取三江源地区玉树、沱沱河、隆宝、治多及多彩5个研究地,对其土壤微生物群落数量及土壤养分空间分布规律进行了分析研究,为我国高寒草地土壤生态系统多样性和系统变化数据提供科学依据。结果表明:不同土壤层(0~5、5~10和10~15 cm)土壤微生物群落数量表现为细菌放线菌真菌,且细菌数量占绝对优势;各研究地土壤微生物群落主要分布在土壤表层,其数量随土层深度的增加而减少;土壤微生物数量与土壤养分之间存在相关性,影响细菌数量的主要土壤因子是全钾、碱解氮、全氮及有效磷,影响放线菌数量的主要土壤因子是速效钾与全氮,影响真菌数量的主要土壤因子是p H值。

Spatial characteristics of soil microbe and soil nutrient in alpine grassland in the Three River Headwater Region of Qinghai province

Soil microbe communication quantity and soil nutrient spatial distribution characteristics in 5 experiment sites, i. e. Yushu prefecture, Tuotuo River town, Longbao town, Zhiduo county, and Duocai town, were analyzed in the Three-River-Headwater Region of Qinghai province in 2012 to provide the scientific reference for studying the grassland soil ecologi-cal system variation and diversity in the alpine steppe in China. The results indicated that, in the soil microbe communica-tion quantity, bacteria was the dominate microbe and was much higher than actinomyces, and fungi was the least one in the soil depth of 0~5, 5~10 and 10~15 cm. The quantity of soil microbe decreased with the depth increasing and all three soil microbes was concentrated in the topsoil. Regression test revealed that soil microbe number significantly responsed to soil nutrient. Total potassium, effective nitrogen, total nitrogen and effective phosphorus were the main factors which influ-ence the soil bacteria. The effective potassium and total nitrogen had remarkable effects on the quantity of actinomyces. However, the main factor which influenced soil fungi content was the soil pH value.