海洋生态补偿研究综述

海洋生态系统是人类生存与发展必不可少的基础条件，应从整个生态系统的角度来认识海洋生态资源的价值。近年来，为了协调海洋生态环境保护和经济发展的矛盾，沿岸各国在海洋资源综合管理中纳入了生态系统方法，这使得开展海洋生态补偿成为必然趋势。近年来，国内外学者在生态经济学研究成果的基础上开展对海洋生态补偿课题的相关研究。国外学者针对海洋生态补偿类型、手段等问题提出自己的观点。国内学者在海洋生态补偿方面的研究主要集中在三个方面：对海洋生态价值的探讨；，寸海洋生态系统服务及价值评估的研究；对海洋生态补偿机制的初步探讨。文章在对国内外相关研究成果进行分析的基础上，认为目前海洋生态补偿研究存在诸多不足，今后的研究应致力于海洋生态损失的计量方法与模型研究、海洋生态补偿量的模型研究及构建海洋生态补偿机制。

Review on Marine Ecological Compensation Study

Marine ecological resources are essential for human survival and development, the value of which must be studied from the aspect of the entire ecosystem. In recent years, in order to coordinate the conflict between the marine environmental protection and the economic development, the coastal countries use the ecosystem approach in the integrated management of marine resources, which makes the carrying out of marine ecological compensation become an inevitable trend. Based on the results of ecological economics research, domestic and foreign scholars carried out research on the subject of marine ecological compensation, Foreign scholars put forward their views about the marine ecological compensation types, means, and etc. The research of domestic scholars focused on three areas： study on marine ecological value, research on marine ecosystem services and valuation, and preliminary study on the marine eco- compensation mechanism. On the basis of the analysis of domestic and foreign research, the authors hold that recent study on marine ecological compensation has many deficiencies. Future research should be committed to the research of the measurement methods and models of marine ecological losses, the research of the model of the marine ecological compensation, and the establishment of marine eco-compensation mechanism.