工业大麻茎秆力学模型的试验分析

为了促进工业大麻产业的快速发展，为大麻收获机械的研究与设计提供物料的机械性能参数指标，作为收获机具的研究依据，该文通过综合利用复合材料力学的基础知识对工业大麻茎秆的机械物理模型进行假定，再利用 WDW-10万能试验机对工业大麻茎秆各组成部分分别进行轴向拉伸、轴向和径向压缩、径向弯曲等力学性能的试验，从而获得工业大麻茎秆的力学性能数据，再通过复合材料理论的基础知识进行综合分析与计算，获得工业大麻茎秆力学模型的性能参数，最后通过比较分析得出假定的数学模型基本可靠。通过试验得到的木质部轴向弹性模量为1343.5 MPa，韧皮层径向弹性模量为3607.5 MPa，茎秆的轴向弹性模量为1743.50 MPa，茎秆的径向压缩弹性模量为88 MPa，木质部异性面弯剪模量为33.52 MPa，茎秆异性面弯剪模量为31.99 MPa，木质部、韧皮层、茎秆的同性面泊松比为0.3。通过试验数据可以看出，大麻茎秆的各组成部分具有优异的机械性能，其中韧皮纤维的机械性能尤其突出。试验结果表明，工业大麻茎秆径向结构符合复合材料的特性。通过测量工业大麻的力学性能参数，可为优化工业大麻收获机具的强度与刚度提供参考，使机具在收获过程中的功耗最少、割茬质量最高。

Experimental analysis on mechanical model of industrial hemp stalk

Abstract: In order to provide the mechanical parameters for the research on industrial hemp harvest machinery, the mechanical model for industrial hemp stalk is supposed with the knowledge of mechanics of composite material in the paper. To gain the mechanical parameters, the mechanical tests like tensile test, compressive test and bending test in the light of various directions and different fractions is carried out by utilizing the WDW-10 universal testing machine. All elastic parameters of mechanical model of industrial hemp stalk were achieved through analysis and calculation with composite material theory. All of the parameters were experimentally determined for industrial hemp stalks in order to find methods for mechanical harvest with minimum energy consumption. The xylem axis elasticity modulus is 1 343.5 MPa. The phloem radial elasticity modulus is 3 607.5 MPa. The stalk axis elasticity modulus are 1 743.50 MPa. The stalk radial compressive elasticity modulus is 88 MPa. The xylem shear modulus is 33.52 MPa. The stalk shear modulus is 31.99 MPa. According to the experiment, the hemp stalk has excellent mechanical properties, especially the performance of the phloem fiber. The test result of experiment shows that radial parameters of industrial hemp stalk accord with characteristics of composite material. It is a significant guidance in hemp cutter design. This study provided a theoretical foundation for in-depth exploration on hemp cutter design and optimization to make the hemp harvester satisfy the working requirement of high quality and low consumption.