银杏种子数量遗传分析及多性状选择

 对中国12 个产地50 个银杏品种主要经济性状进行遗传分析和多性状选择。分析结果表明, 最大单核质量为3. 89 g , 出核率33. 58 % , 出仁率82. 49 %。单核质量遗传力为0. 9759。核形系数和单核质量间的rG 达0. 9986 , 单果质量对单核质量的直接遗传PY·i 达1. 407。全国12 个种源可以分成4 大类。采用指数选择或直接选择法优化出3 个核用品种。对银杏核用品种良种选择的理论进行了探讨。

Quantitative Genetics Analysis and Multiple Character Selection on Ginkgo Seed

China possesses more than 70 % ginkgo resources in the world. The primary problems existing in ginkgo cultivation are : (1) no big-grain and fine nucleus-used cultivars ; (2) no known genetic law of primary characters ginkgo seed. The purposes of this research are to collect 50 nucleusused cultivars from 12 provinces in China , to carry out genetic analysis for economical character andmultiple character selection on ginkgo seed. The results of analysis show that maxmum single nucleus weight , stone mass/ fruit mass ( %) and kernel mass/ stone mass ( %) are 3. 89 g , 33. 58 % and 82. 49 % , respectively. The heritability ( h2) of single nucleus mass is 0. 9759. The genetic correlation coefficient ( rG) between nucleus2shape coefficient and single nucleus mass , and direct genetic path coefficient ( PY·i) of single fruit mass to single stone mass are 0. 9986 and 1. 407 , respectively. Twelve provenances from China are divided into four classes. Three fine nucleus-used cultivars are selected out through index or direct selection methods from fifty nucleus-used cultivars in China. The theory of nucleus2used cultivar selection was studied in this paper.